Getting Real about Unknowns in Complex Policy Work - Andrews, Matt (Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), 2021)
As with all public policy work, education policies are demanding. Policy workers need to ‘know’ a lot—about the problems they are addressing, the people who need to be engaged, the promises they can make in response, the context they are working in, and the processes they will follow to implement. Most policy workers answer questions about such issues within the structures of plan and control processes used to devise budgets and projects. These structures limit their knowledge gathering, organization and sense-making activities to up-front planning activities, and even though sophisticated tools like Theories of Change suggest planners ‘know’ all that is needed for policy success, they often do not. Policies are often fraught with ‘unknowns’ that cannot be captured in passive planning processes and thus repeatedly undermine even the best laid plans. Through a novel strategy that asks how much one knows about the answers to 25 essential policy questions, and an application to recent education policy interventions in Mozambique, this paper shows that it is possible to get real about unknowns in policy work. Just recognizing these unknowns exist—and understanding why they do and what kind of challenge they pose to policy workers—can help promote a more modest and realistic approach to doing complex policy work.
Keywords: *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; L - english / inglês; M - political economy analysis (PEA) / análise de economia política (AEP); education / educação; government policy / politica governamental

Decentralized facility financing versus performance-based payments in primary health care: a large-scale randomized controlled trial in Nigeria - Khanna, Madhulika; Loevinsohn, Benjamin; Pradhan, Elina; Fadeyibi, Opeyemi; McGee, Kevin; Odutolu, Oluwole; Fritsche, Gyorgy Bela; Meribole, Emmanuel; Vermeersch, Christel M. J.; Kandpal, Eeshani (BMC Medicine, 2021)
Health system financing presents a challenge in many developing countries. We assessed two reform packages, performance-based financing (PBF) and direct facility financing (DFF), against each other and business-as-usual for maternal and child healthcare (MCH) provision in Nigeria.
Keywords: *tagged; G - Rest of the World / Resto do Mundo; L - english / inglês; access to services / acesso a serviços; health - maternal and child / saúde - materno-infantil; health / saúde

Monitoria comunitária independente ao PASD-PE COVID-19. Segunda Fase - Maputo e Namaacha - Plataforma da Sociedade Civil Moçambicana para a Protecção Social (PSC-PS) (Plataforma da Sociedade Civil Moçambicana para a Protecção Social (PSC-PS), 2021)
Os principais resultados da monitoria realizada em Montepuez destacaram a necessidade de: • Fortalecimento de mecanismos comunitários de participação e reforço do diálogo social entre comunidades e governo local; • Maior apropriação dos programas de protecção social básica por parte das comunidades e a necessidade de atribuir mais voz e protagonismo dos beneficiários sobre os serviços sociais prestados a nível destes programas; • Melhor comunicação e disseminação de informação estratégica sobre os programas de protecção social junto às comunidades, incluindo mais clareza sobre critérios de elegibilidade, valor dos benefícios, periodicidade e duração; • Maior mobilização social com vista a promover comunidades mais informadas e capacitadas para reivindicar os seus direitos sociais básicos; • Reforço de mecanismos de reclamações e queixas (clareza sobre como acessá-los); • Maior apoio para facilitação do acesso dos beneficiários aos pagamentos, em particular aqueles que precisam de auxílio para utilização dos telefones a partir dos quais recebem seus benefícios; • Ampliação dos métodos de pagamento para facilitar o acesso dos beneficiários às transferências.
Keywords: G - Maputo City / Cidade de Maputo; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; L - portuguese / português; government policy / politica governamental; health - COVID-19 / saúde – COVID-19; social protection / proteção social

Could Mozambique become a hydrogen hub? - Hanlon, Joseph (Mozambique News Reports & Clippings, 2021)
The proposal for the Mphanda Nkuwa dam 60 km downstream from Cahora Bassa, and using the same water to generate more electricity, is back on the table. The dam has been proposed since the colonial era, but there has never been a market for the electricity. Producing hydrogen would be the perfect market. In this special issue, we look at Mphanda Kkuwa and the potential for hydrogen.
Keywords: *indexed; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; GP - Tete; L - english / inglês; infrastructure - energy / infrastrutura - energia; natural resources / recursos naturais

The role of integrated community case management projects in strengthening health systems: case study analysis in Ethiopia, Malawi and Mozambique - Story, William T; Pritchard, Susannah; Hejna, Emily; Olivas, Elijah; Sarriot, Eric (Health Policy and Planning, 2021)
Integrated community case management (iCCM) has now been implemented at scale globally. Literature to-date has focused primarily on the effectiveness of iCCM and the systems conditions required to sustain iCCM. In this study, we sought to explore opportunities taken and lost for strengthening health systems through successive iCCM programmes. We employed a systematic, embedded, multiple case study design for three countries—Ethiopia, Malawi and Mozambique—where Save the Children implemented iCCM programmes between 2009 and 2017. We used textual analysis to code 62 project documents on nine categories of functions of health systems using NVivo 11.0. The document review was supplemented by four key informant interviews. This study makes important contributions to the theoretical understanding of the role of projects in health systems strengthening by not only documenting evidence of systems strengthening in multi-year iCCM projects, but also emphasizing important deﬁciencies in systems strengthening efforts. Projects operated on a spectrum, ranging from gap-ﬁlling interventions, to support, to actual strengthening. While there were natural limits to the inﬂuence of a project on the health system, all successive projects found constructive opportunities to try to strengthen systems. Alignment with the Ministry of Health was not always static and simple, and ministries themselves have shown pluralism in their perspectives and orientations. We conclude that systems strengthening remains ‘everybody’s business’ and places demands for realism and transparency on government and the development architecture. While mid-size projects have limited decision space, there is value in better deﬁning where systems strengthening contributions can actually be made. Furthermore, systems strengthening is not solely about macro-level changes, as operational and efﬁciency gains at meso and micro levels can have value to the system. Claims of ‘systems strengthening’ are, however, bounded within the quality of evaluation and learning investments.
Keywords: G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - Rest of the World / Resto do Mundo; L - english / inglês; health / saúde

Agrarian Change in Northern Mozambique: A ‘New’ Dimension of Research in Light of the Conflict and Violence in Cabo Delgado? - Muianga, Carlos (Informação sobre Desenvolvimento, Instituições e Análise Social, 2021)
In light of this research context and the different hypotheses that have been put forward, particularly those attributing the conflict to the dynamics of po-verty, social marginalization and the resource extrac-tion dynamics, an argument for a ‘new’ dimension of research in light of the conflict in Cabo Delgado is made. A wide range of information and analysis has been produced, but systematic analysis of broader processes of agrarian change in light of the conflict in Cabo Delgado and their dynamics of change in the northern Mozambique is still scarce, despite referen-ces on the relevance of this being made2. This paper intends to draw attention to the need to understand the political economy of agrarian change in the regi-on. This implies, to use Bernstein's (2010, 1) words, investigating ‘the social relations and dynamics of production and reproduction, of property and power in rural/agrarian societies [in the region] and their historical and contemporary processes of change’.
Keywords: *indexed; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GP - Cabo Delgado; L - english / inglês; agriculture - agrarian change / agricultura - transformação agrária; agriculture / agricultura; conflict - violent extremism / conflito - extremismo violento; conflict / conflito

Transformação Agrária No Norte De Moçambique: Uma “Nova” Dimensão De Pesquisa À Luz Do Conflito E Violência Em Cabo Delgado? - Muianga, Carlos (Informação sobre Desenvolvimento, Instituições e Análise Social, 2021)
In light of this research context and the different hypotheses that have been put forward, particularly those attributing the conflict to the dynamics of po-verty, social marginalization and the resource extrac-tion dynamics, an argument for a ‘new’ dimension of research in light of the conflict in Cabo Delgado is made. A wide range of information and analysis has been produced, but systematic analysis of broader processes of agrarian change in light of the conflict in Cabo Delgado and their dynamics of change in the northern Mozambique is still scarce, despite referen-ces on the relevance of this being made2. This paper intends to draw attention to the need to understand the political economy of agrarian change in the regi-on. This implies, to use Bernstein's (2010, 1) words, investigating ‘the social relations and dynamics of production and reproduction, of property and power in rural/agrarian societies [in the region] and their historical and contemporary processes of change’.
Keywords: *indexed; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GP - Cabo Delgado; L - portuguese / português; agriculture - agrarian change / agricultura - transformação agrária; agriculture / agricultura; conflict - violent extremism / conflito - extremismo violento; conflict / conflito

Stemming the Insurrection in Mozambique’s Cabo Delgado (Africa Report N°303, 2021)
Principal Findings What’s new? Militant attacks and security force operations in Mozambique’s Cabo Delgado province have claimed nearly 3,000 lives, while displacing hundreds of thousands of people. Insecurity has prompted the suspension of a massive gas project. The Islamic State (ISIS) claims ties to the insurrection. Southern African governments are lobbying to send troops. Why did it happen? Mozambican militants have been motivated by grievances against a state that they see as delivering little for them, despite the development of major mineral and hydrocarbon deposits. Tanzanians and other foreigners have joined up, fuelling the insurrection. The country’s historically weak security forces have been unable to stem the onslaught. Why does it matter? Unaddressed, the insurrection could spread further, threatening national stability just as Mozambique is fulfilling a peace deal with the country’s main opposition group and heading into national elections in 2024. It could worsen instability along East Africa’s coast and present ISIS with a new front to exploit. What should be done? Maputo should accept targeted assistance for security operations to contain the insurrection, and avoid a heavy external deployment that could lead to a quagmire. Authorities should deploy aid to build trust with locals and open dialogue with militants. Regional governments should redouble law enforcement efforts to block transnational jihadist involvement.
Keywords: *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GP - Cabo Delgado; L - english / inglês; Northern PEA; conflict - violent extremism / conflito - extremismo violento; conflict / conflito

Conter a Insurreição em Cabo Delgado, Moçambique - International Crisis Group (Relatório África, 2021)
O que há de novo? Os ataques de militantes e as operações das forças de segurança na província moçambicana de Cabo Delgado já custaram praticamente 3000 vidas e deslocaram centenas de milhares de pessoas. A insegurança levou à suspensão de um gigantesco projeto de gás. O Estado Islâmico (ISIS) reivindica laços com a insurreição. Os governos do Sul de Africa estão a exercer pressão para o envio de tropas. Porque aconteceu? Os militantes moçambicanos foram motivados pelo descontentamento em relação a um estado que, do seu ponto de vista, pouco fez por eles, apesar do desenvolvimento de depósitos minerais e de hidrocarbonetos significativos. Tanzanianos e outros estrangeiros juntaram-se, alimentando a insurreição. As forças de segurança, historicamente fracas, foram incapazes de conter a ofensiva. Porque importa? Se não for tratada, a insurreição pode vir a alastrar-se, ameaçando a estabilidade nacional enquanto Moçambique está a alcançar um acordo de paz com o principal grupo de oposição do país e antes das eleições nacionais de 2024. A instabilidade ao longo da costa de Africa Oriental poderia piorar e fornecer ao ISIS uma nova frente a explorar. O que deve ser feito? Maputo deveria aceitar uma assistência direcionada para suas operações de segurança, a fim de conter a insurreição, e evitar uma mobilização externa forte, que poderia levar a uma estagnação. As autoridades deveriam fornecer assistência para construir uma relação de confiança com os habitantes locais e um diálogo aberto com os militantes. Os governos regionais deveriam redobrar seus esforços em matéria de aplicação da lei para impedir a implicação jihadista transnacional.
Keywords: *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GP - Cabo Delgado; L - portuguese / português; Northern PEA; conflict - violent extremism / conflito - extremismo violento; conflict / conflito; innovation / inovação

What actually is social accountability? - Aston, Thomas (Medium, 2021)
Figuring out “what is the work?” we actually do sounds like a simple task, but in fact, it’s surprisingly difficult.
Keywords: #Reviews & Framing / Revisões e Organização; *indexed; G - Rest of the World / Resto do Mundo; L - english / inglês; access to services / acesso a serviços; accountability / responsabilização

Situação humanitária em Cabo Delgado: milhares de deslocados continuam sem assistência e apoio do Governo e das agências internacionais - Emídio Beula (Centro Para Democracia e Desenvolvimento (CDD), 2021)
Mais de 30.500 pessoas que abandonaram as suas casas devido aos ataques terroristas na vila de Palma em Março último continuam a enfrentar dificuldades de alimentação e de abrigo nos centros de acolhimento. A maioria está no centro de trânsito de Pemba e outros nos campos de deslocados de Metuge. A Matriz de Monitoria de Deslocamentos da Organização Internacional para as Migrações (OIM) continua a registar a chegada diária de deslocados que fogem da insegurança no norte de Cabo Delgado. As autoridades governamentais e as agências humanitárias interromperam, há mais de um mês, as operações de salvamento de pessoas que estão concentradas na vila de reassentamento de Quitunda, a menos de 30 quilómetros da vila de Palma. Devido à insegurança, as agências humanitárias não estão a prestar apoio a milhares de pessoas que estão em Quitunda, nas proximidades do acampamento de Afungi.
Keywords: #Reporting & Media / Reportagem & Mídia; *indexed; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GP - Cabo Delgado; L - portuguese / português; conflict - violent extremism / conflito - extremismo violento; conflict / conflito; displaced communities / comunidades deslocadas

Jovens de Gaza defendem que novo instrumento deve desburocratizar a obtenção de DUAT e combater a expropriação de terras pelas elites - Emídio Beula (Centro Para Democracia e Desenvolvimento (CDD), 2021)
Falando em representação da Governadora da Província de Gaza, a Directora Provincial de Cultura e Turismo denunciou o velho problema de usurpação e acumulação de terra para fins de especulação latifundiária. Trata-se de uma prática comum em Moçambique em que as elites económicas e políticas se apropriam de terras valiosas e ficam à espera do melhor momento para fazer a transacção, preferencialmente com o capital estrangeiro. A representante da Governadora de Gaza disse que esta prática prejudica mais as mulheres que vivem nas zonas rurais por constituírem o grupo que mais usa a terra para a actividade agrícola. A Directora Provincial de Cultura e Turismo em Gaza saudou a iniciativa do CDD de auscultar a juventude sobre a revisão da Política Nacional de Terras, defendendo que, sendo a maioria da população, os jovens devem se apropriar do debate para influenciar a concepção de futuros instrumentos políticos e legais sobre o uso de terras.
Keywords: #Reporting & Media / Reportagem & Mídia; *indexed; *tagged; DUAT (Direito do uso e aproveitamento da terra) / Land Use and Benefit Right; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; GP - Gaza; L - portuguese / português; agriculture / agricultura; governance / governação; land governance / gestão de terra; youth / juventude

Jovens de Inhambane defendem que futura legislação deve estabelecer um prazo de até 15 dias para resposta ao pedido do DUAT - Emídio Beula (Centro Para Democracia e Desenvolvimento (CDD), 2021)
Depois da cerimónia inaugural de quinta-feira na Província de Gaza, ontem, sexta-feira, 07 de Maio, foi a vez de Inhambane acolher o debate público no âmbito da auscultação de jovens sobre a revisão da Política Nacional de Terras. Falando na abertura da cerimónia, o Director dos Serviços Provinciais do Ambiente, em representação da Secretária de Estado da Província de Inhambane, defendeu que um dos desafios que a Inhambane enfrenta é o aumento do número de população perante um recurso terra que não é renovável, aliado aos desafios decorrentes das mudanças climáticas que demandam uma compensação da biodiversidade. O Director dos Serviços Provinciais do Ambiente de Inhambane falou também da emergência dos megaprojectos que, para o seu desenvolvimento, precisam do recurso terra. “A iniciativa do CDD de auscultar jovens sobre a revisão da Política Nacional de Terras constitui uma exaltação da cidadania. Todos nós, como moçambicanos, nas nossas comunidades, organizações, temos esta ímpar oportunidade de participar no melhoramento da nossa política de terras”.
Keywords: #Reporting & Media / Reportagem & Mídia; *indexed; *tagged; DUAT (Direito do uso e aproveitamento da terra) / Land Use and Benefit Right; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; GP - Inhambane; L - portuguese / português; agriculture / agricultura; governance / governação; land governance / gestão de terra; youth / juventude

The Role of Women in the Conflict in Cabo Delgado: Understanding Vicious Cycles of Violence - Feijó, João (Rural Observer, 2021)
Since October 2017, Cabo Delgado Province has been an arena of armed conflict, translating into destruction and looting, abductions and killings of civilian populations. The conflict intensified throughout 2020, with attacks on district headquarters villages, leading to the forced displacement of hundreds of thousands of individuals. The history of armed conflicts in Mozambique shows that they have had enormous impacts on the civilian population, placed between two opposing groups: rebel forces and government forces. Aware of their respective importance in a guerrilla war (for the possibility of logistical support, camouflage, recruitment, or the provision of information), the warring parties have always related to the civilian population on the basis of mistrust, imposing their domination by force and persuasion, and seeking to interfere in their habitat (in clusters or scattered in the bush). Being physically more fragile, target for sexual predation by armed young men, and traditionally a food producer, women were a recurrent target, remaining in a particularly vulnerable position. In the current armed conflict in northeast Cabo Delgado, there have been numerous reports of abduction of hundreds of young women, and there is much doubt about their whereabouts. However, viewing women only as passive victims of the conflict does not capture the complexity of the situation. Voluntarily or forcibly, by conviction or without choice, the literature shows that women play an active role in armed conflicts, as observers and providers of military information, in providing logistical support, as vigilantes, and even as soldiers. This active involvement of women is all the more evident the larger the social support base of the insurgent groups. This study aims to portray the impact of the armed conflict on women during the armed conflict in northern Cabo Delgado, analyzing not only the wide range of violence committed against them, but also the forms of collaboration (more or less voluntary) with rebel groups and their organizational dynamics.
Keywords: G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GP - Cabo Delgado; L - english / inglês; Northern PEA; conflict / conflito; gender / género; ⛔ No DOI found

Provision and access to health services in Mozambique: An exploratory study on accountability and relations between health providers and users in Monapo district - Gonçalves, Euclides (POTENCIAR Programme, 2021)
This exploratory research set out to survey possible points of entry for POTENCIAR programme interventions and gather methodological insights for the ethnographic research component of the programme’s analytical strategy. It wil be used alongside other analytical studies undertaken by POTENCIAR (including the health sector analysis and the political economy analyses) to identify and design programme interventions. Following an inductive method, the team sought to assess the conditions and processes of health care provision and access from the perspective of health providers and residents in Monapo district in Nampula Province, northern Mozambique (POTENCIAR will implement its first PAI in Nampula province). To gain insights into accountability relations in the health sector, the team focused on the administrative and social institutions where health providers and users interact. The study asks the following question: From grounded perspectives of health providers and residents in Monapo district, what are the accountability issues in the provision and access to health services?
Keywords: *non-public; Ethnographic Studies; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; GD - Monapo; L - english / inglês; M - ethnography / etnografia; accountability / responsabilização; health - dignified care / saúde - atendimento humanizado / mau atendimento; health - health services / serviços de saúde; health / saúde

Observatory of Illicit Economies in Eastern and Southern Africa (Global Initiative Against Transnational and Organized Crime, 2021)
Illicit flows are a major part of the political and economic landscape of northern Mozambique. In South Africa, the trade in poached abalone and the trafficking of synthetic drug still remain joined today. The impact that heroin capsules have had in Durban in terms of violence, profitability and local demand for heroin. How illicit gold from South Sudan and the Democratic Republic of Congo flows through Uganda
Keywords: G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - Rest of the World / Resto do Mundo; G - north / norte; L - english / inglês; conflict / conflito

Bispo de Pemba critica Nyusi: "Se eu fosse presidente, a minha presença seria outra. Estaria a falar de Cabo Delgado todos os dias" - Castro, Pedro Jorge (Moçambique para todos, 2021)
"Como é que um corrupto pode lutar contra si mesmo? É preciso uma espécie de revolução." As ameaças do governo. A guerra. E o deslocado que disparou contra insurgentes. Entrevista ao Bispo de Pemba.
Keywords: #Reporting & Media / Reportagem & Mídia; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - Pemba; G - north / norte; GP - Cabo Delgado; L - portuguese / português; conflict - violent extremism / conflito - extremismo violento; conflict / conflito

Total Suspends Mozambique LNG Temporarily on Security Threat - Francois De Beaupuy; Paul Burkhardt; Borges Nhamirre (Bloomberg.com, 2021)
French energy giant Total SE suspended its $20 billion liquefied natural gas project in Mozambique indefinitely due to an escalation of violence in the area, including a March attack by Islamic State-linked militants.
Keywords: G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; L - english / inglês; Northern PEA

Displacement Tracking Matrix - Mozambique Ett Report: No. 54/ 27 March - 26 April 2021 17:00h Emergency tracking tool (ett) - IOM - International Organisation for Migration (IOM, 2021)
Following the recent attacks in Palma Sede, DTM teams in Nangade, Mueda, Montepuez, and Pemba districts continue to register significant rise in IDP arrivals since 27 March. On 26 April 2021, an estimated number of 1,118 IDPs were registered in the four districts bringing the total number of IDPs to 27,913 people who have been displaced from Palma. IDPs continue to arrive in Nangade on foot and by bus from Nangade to Mueda, Montepuez, and Pemba.
Keywords: G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GP - Cabo Delgado; L - english / inglês; conflict - violent extremism / conflito - extremismo violento; conflict / conflito; displaced communities / comunidades deslocadas

Vale moves to exit coal business - Argus Media (2021)
In its first step to exit the coal business, Brazilian mining firm Vale will acquire all stakes held by Japanese trading house Mitsui in the Moatize coal mine and Nacala corridor coal infrastructure in Mozambique.
Keywords: #Reporting & Media / Reportagem & Mídia; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; L - english / inglês; Northern PEA; extractive industries / indústrias extractivas; natural resources / recursos naturais

Financiamento da ADIN vai agravar a já insustentável dívida pública - Beula, Emídio (Centro Para Democracia e Desenvolvimento (CDD), 2021)
Cenário Fiscal de Médio Prazo (CFMP 2022-2024), instrumento que marca o início do ciclo de planificação e orçamentação, avança cenários preocupantes em relação à evolução da dívida pública de Moçambique. Por exemplo, as projecções relativas às despesas públicas mostram que os encargos com a dívida pública, isto é, os pagamentos de juros relacionados com o serviço da dívida, passarão de 27.114,8 milhões de meticais em 2021 para 38.731,8 milhões de meticais em 2022, evidenciando um crescimento de cerca de 42,8%. Aliás, dados apresentados pelo CFMP indicam que a tendência deverá continuar crescente, pelo menos nos próximos três (3) anos, atingindo 44.734,2 milhões de meticais em 2024, o equivalente a uma subida de cerca de 65% em relação a 2021. Apesar dessas projecções, o Governo está a mobilizar um bilião de dólares para financiar as actividades da Agência de Desenvolvimento Integrado do Norte (ADIN) nas províncias de Cabo Delgado, Nampula e Niassa. O anúncio foi feito na semana passada pelo Ministro da Agricultura e Desenvolvimento Rural, Celso Correia, o governante responsável pela tutela administrativa da instituição. A mobilização do financiamento é feita antes mesmo da aprovação do plano estratégico da ADIN, denominado Estratégia Resiliente do Desenvolvimento Integrado do Norte. O documento ainda está em consulta pública nas três províncias onde serão implementados os projectos da agência de desenvolvimento da região norte.
Keywords: ADIN (Agency for Integrated Development of the North); G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; L - portuguese / português

Mozambique - Update, Cabo Delgado Situation, 2 (ReliefWeb, 2021)
English Situation Report on Mozambique about Coordination, Protection and Human Rights, Epidemic and more; published on 21 Apr 2021 by UNHCR
Keywords: G - Mozambique / Moçambique; L - english / inglês

Cabo Ligado 45 - ACLED (ACLED, 2021)
Insurgents struck throughout Nangade district last week, nearly isolating Nangade town in a series of attacks. On 1 March, insurgents began setting roadblocks on the R763 south of Nangade town, cutting off the main route between Nangade and Mueda. The same day, insurgents killed two farmers working near the village of Eduardo Mondlane, just east of Litingina. On 2 March, more insurgent roadblocks sprang up near Muiha village, in the northwest of Nangade district, near where the borders separating Nangade, Mueda, and Tanzania meet. Insurgents were also seen the same day in the countryside just west of Muiha, where they chased farmers from their fields. No casualties were reported. The incursions west of Muiha are the farthest west incidents in Cabo Delgado involving insurgent fighters ACLED has yet recorded. Far to the east, insurgents once again attacked the border post of Namoto, Palma district on the night of 2 March. Despite a military unit being deployed to protect the area after it was attacked on 27 February, insurgents were able to loot the area and burn the border post to the ground. Helicopters evacuated border police shortly after the attack began, and no casualties have been reported. The next day, insurgents used their roadblock system to ambush a military vehicle traveling on the R763 from Nangade town to Mueda. The ambush took place near Litingina, about 10 kilometers south of Nangade town. Insurgents placed logs in the road and opened fire on the vehicle as it approached. The soldiers in the vehicle returned fire with a rocket propelled grenade and barreled through the roadblock, but not before three soldiers had been killed. The deceased include a lieutenant colonel and two enlisted men. The same day, insurgents killed two civilians from the same family in the village of N’gangolo, which sits on the R763 south of Litingina. That night, insurgents raided the village of Samora Machel, east of Litingina. No details of that attack have been reported. Insurgents drew even closer to Nangade town on 4 March when they attacked the village of 3 de Fevereiro, 9 kilometers east of the district capital. Most civilians had fled to Nangade town before the attack, but they could see the smoke from 3 de Fevereiro as insurgents burned homes in the village. Insurgents also returned to Samora Machel that night, but, again, no details of the attack emerged. A report by Pinnacle News, confirmed by a Cabo Ligado source, notes that insurgents sent messages to Palma civilians, threatening to attack the town on 5 March. As with past threats of specific attack dates, no actual attack on Palma came on 5 March, although more security forces were deployed to the town as a precaution. On 6 March, government forces attacked an insurgent encampment at Nkonga, in eastern Nangade district near the border with Mocimboa da Praia. The village had been deserted following insurgent attacks in the area, and insurgents had commandeered it as a place to hold hostages and stockpile looted goods. Supported by five helicopters, government troops assaulted the village and killed and captured multiple insurgents. Goods looted from Nangade district were recovered, and hostages taken by insurgents during their Nangade raids were freed
Keywords: #Reporting & Media / Reportagem & Mídia; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GP - Cabo Delgado; L - english / inglês; conflict - violent extremism / conflito - extremismo violento; conflict / conflito

Mozambique: Following the rise of Islamist group al-Shabab in Cabo Delgado - Marie Toulemonde (The Africa Report.com, 2021)
A visual explanation of how Mozambique’s islamist group al-Shabab has grown over the years in the northern Cabo Delgado province.
Keywords: *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GP - Cabo Delgado; L - english / inglês; Northern PEA; conflict / conflito; extractive industries / indústrias extractivas

An overview of foreign security involvement in Mozambique (defenceWeb, 2021)
A number of private security companies, foreign governments and militaries have become involved in Mozambique in its fight against the insurgency in Cabo Delgado, but the Mozambican government has so far largely limited external involvement. Nevertheless, there are a number of companies and countries providing security and security assistance to Mozambique. Private military contractors Russian […]
Keywords: G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GP - Cabo Delgado; L - english / inglês; conflict / conflito

Cabo Ligado 44 - ACLED (ACLED, 2021)
Insurgents struck throughout Nangade district last week, nearly isolating Nangade town in a series of attacks. On 1 March, insurgents began setting roadblocks on the R763 south of Nangade town, cutting off the main route between Nangade and Mueda. The same day, insurgents killed two farmers working near the village of Eduardo Mondlane, just east of Litingina. On 2 March, more insurgent roadblocks sprang up near Muiha village, in the northwest of Nangade district, near where the borders separating Nangade, Mueda, and Tanzania meet. Insurgents were also seen the same day in the countryside just west of Muiha, where they chased farmers from their fields. No casualties were reported. The incursions west of Muiha are the farthest west incidents in Cabo Delgado involving insurgent fighters ACLED has yet recorded. Far to the east, insurgents once again attacked the border post of Namoto, Palma district on the night of 2 March. Despite a military unit being deployed to protect the area after it was attacked on 27 February, insurgents were able to loot the area and burn the border post to the ground. Helicopters evacuated border police shortly after the attack began, and no casualties have been reported. The next day, insurgents used their roadblock system to ambush a military vehicle traveling on the R763 from Nangade town to Mueda. The ambush took place near Litingina, about 10 kilometers south of Nangade town. Insurgents placed logs in the road and opened fire on the vehicle as it approached. The soldiers in the vehicle returned fire with a rocket propelled grenade and barreled through the roadblock, but not before three soldiers had been killed. The deceased include a lieutenant colonel and two enlisted men. The same day, insurgents killed two civilians from the same family in the village of N’gangolo, which sits on the R763 south of Litingina. That night, insurgents raided the village of Samora Machel, east of Litingina. No details of that attack have been reported. Insurgents drew even closer to Nangade town on 4 March when they attacked the village of 3 de Fevereiro, 9 kilometers east of the district capital. Most civilians had fled to Nangade town before the attack, but they could see the smoke from 3 de Fevereiro as insurgents burned homes in the village. Insurgents also returned to Samora Machel that night, but, again, no details of the attack emerged. A report by Pinnacle News, confirmed by a Cabo Ligado source, notes that insurgents sent messages to Palma civilians, threatening to attack the town on 5 March. As with past threats of specific attack dates, no actual attack on Palma came on 5 March, although more security forces were deployed to the town as a precaution. On 6 March, government forces attacked an insurgent encampment at Nkonga, in eastern Nangade district near the border with Mocimboa da Praia. The village had been deserted following insurgent attacks in the area, and insurgents had commandeered it as a place to hold hostages and stockpile looted goods. Supported by five helicopters, government troops assaulted the village and killed and captured multiple insurgents. Goods looted from Nangade district were recovered, and hostages taken by insurgents during their Nangade raids were freed
Keywords: #Reporting & Media / Reportagem & Mídia; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GP - Cabo Delgado; L - english / inglês; conflict - violent extremism / conflito - extremismo violento; conflict / conflito

‘Some hid in the sea’: Islamist attack on Mozambique town a turning point in Africa’s ignored war - Cotterill, Joseph (Financial Times, 2021)
French group Total suspends work at gas plant near Palma despite authorities’ claims order has been restored
Keywords: #Reporting & Media / Reportagem & Mídia; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GD - Palma; GP - Cabo Delgado; L - english / inglês; conflict - violent extremism / conflito - extremismo violento; conflict / conflito; security / segurança

Hunger spreading as Mozambique crisis reaches tipping point - Marima, Tendai (AlJezeera, 2021)
Thousands of people shelter in displacement camps with limited food supplies across Cabo Delgado following Palma attack.
Keywords: #Reporting & Media / Reportagem & Mídia; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GD - Palma; GP - Cabo Delgado; L - english / inglês; conflict - violent extremism / conflito - extremismo violento; conflict / conflito; security / segurança

Fechando a lacuna da protecção social na velhice: simulações dos efeitos de uma pensão para cobertura universal de velhice em Moçambique - Cunamizana, Imarciana; Muianga, Marcos; Zunguze, Celso (Ministry of Finance - Moçambique Government, 2021)
Esta nota de política apresenta as principais conclusões na sequência da aplicação do modelo MOZMOD de microsimulação de benefícios fiscais para estimar o impacto na redução da pobreza e da desigualdade em Moçambique com base em cenários de extensão da cobertura universal da protecção social para todos os idosos e aumento dos níveis de adequação. Foi produzido pelo Ministério da Economia e Finanças de Moçambique com o apoio da OIT (através do Programa Conjunto das Nações Unidas sobre Protecção Social, financiado pela Holanda, Suécia e FCDO) e UNU-WIDER, e foi lançado a 15 de Outubro de 2021 durante a Semana de Protecção Social de Moçambique.
Keywords: G - Mozambique / Moçambique; L - portuguese / português; M - evaluation / avaliação; social protection / proteção social

Caracterização e Organização Social Dos Machababos a Partir dos Discursos de Mulheres Raptadas - Feijó, João (Observatório do Meio Rural, 2021)
A intensificação do conflito militar no Norte de Cabo Delgado despertou a atenção de jornalistas, investigadores, analistas de segurança e diplomatas. O facto de os rebeldes armados não darem entrevistas a jornalistas e investigadores resulta num grande desconhecimento sobre as suas dinâmicas internas nas zonas ocupadas, pelo que o mundo dos insurgentes constitui um território repleto de mistérios. Por outro lado, o rapto de centenas de jovens mulheres gera interrogações em torno do respectivo paradeiro, originando inquietação social. O pouco conhecimento existente acerca das formas de organização interna dos insurgentes resulta de testemunhos oculares de quem privou com o grupo, nomeadamente desertores ou mulheres que estiveram em cativeiro. A partir de 23 entrevistas a mulheres vítimas de agressão ou sequestro por grupos insurgentes foi possível concluir que os membros do grupo têm origens e percursos sociogeográficos heterogéneos, sendo a maioria oriunda do litoral Norte de Cabo Delgado, com registos de indivíduos provenientes do planalto de Mueda, do litoral de Nampula, assim como um crescente número de estrangeiros, provenientes da costa oriental africana e de países árabes. Os insurgentes dispõem de diferentes bases, instaladas em aldeias abandonadas por civis ou nas matas.
Keywords: *indexed; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; L - portuguese / português; conflict - violent extremism / conflito - extremismo violento; conflict / conflito; gender / género

Characterization and Social Organization of Machababos from the Discourses of Kidnapped Women - Feijó, João (Observatório do Meio Rural, 2021)
The intensification of the military conflict in Northern Cabo Delgado has attracted the attention of journalists, investigators, security analysts and diplomats. The fact that armed rebels do not give interviews to journalists and researchers results in a great ignorance about their internal dynamics in the occupied areas, and so the world of insurgents is a territory full of mysteries. On the other hand, the abduction of hundreds of young women raises questions about their whereabouts, causing social unrest. The little knowledge of the insurgents' forms of internal organization stems from eyewitness testimonies of those who lived with the group, including defectors or women who have been in captivity.
Keywords: *indexed; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; L - english / inglês; conflict - violent extremism / conflito - extremismo violento; conflict / conflito; gender / género

Displacement Tracking Matrix - Mozambique Ett Report: No. 54/ 27 March - 15 April 2021 17:00h Emergency tracking tool (ett) - IOM - International Organisation for Migration (ETT, 2021)
Following the recent attacks in Palma Sede, DTM teams in Nangade, Mueda, Montpuez, and Pemba districts continue to register significant rise in IDP arrivals since 27 March. On 15 April 2021, an estimated number of 1,260 IDPs were registered in the four districts bringing the total number of IDPs to 19,921 people who have been displaced from Palma. IDPs continue to arrive in Nangade on foot and by bus from Nangade to Mueda, Montepuez, and Pemba.
Keywords: G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GP - Cabo Delgado; L - english / inglês; conflict - violent extremism / conflito - extremismo violento; conflict / conflito; displaced communities / comunidades deslocadas

Hundreds Missing After Mozambique Attack (Human Rights Watch, 2021)
Hundreds of people remain missing five days after an Islamic State (ISIS)-linked armed group known as Al-Shabab raided the town of Palma in Mozambique’s northern Cabo Delgado province, killing and wounding an unknown number of civilians and causing thousands to flee.
Keywords: #Reporting & Media / Reportagem & Mídia; *indexed; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GD - Palma; GP - Cabo Delgado; L - english / inglês; conflict - violent extremism / conflito - extremismo violento; conflict / conflito; security / segurança

Accountability Ecosystems: The Evolution of a Keyword - Halloran, Brendan (Accountability Research Center, 2021)
Efforts to strengthen the accountability of the governing to the governed go back millennia. However, in the past decade there has been a renewed debate about how to advance public accountability. One domain where this conversation has taken place is that of efforts funded by donors (government development agencies and private philanthropies), primarily in the Global South and implemented by a set of national and international actors, including NGOs, private sector project implementors, and international institutions. Unfortunately, much donor-funded work has been underpinned by an understanding of accountability grounded in optimistic assumptions, particularly around the role of transparency and information technology. Early efforts by Rosie McGee and John Gaventa to take stock of this work highlighted the lack of theories of change grounded in a more nuanced, holistic and politically-informed understanding of accountability. Others began questioning the dominant ‘transparency + participation = accountability’ formulation that underpinned many projects; and most of them were just that, projects: start date, end date, work plan, logical framework, funding proposal, budget, etc. It was at the beginning of this discussion about what it takes to achieve real accountability that the term ‘Accountability Ecosystem’ started being used by a few individuals and organizations. The organization I worked for at the time, the Transparency and Accountability Initiative (TAI), had picked up the term, potentially from the organization I work for now, the International Budget Partnership (IBP).[i] I saw the term as a way to advance a more holistic and dynamic way to talk about the interaction of accountability actors, mechanisms and efforts in a given context, and a deliberate step away from more simplistic, linear formulations.
Keywords: #Reviews & Framing / Revisões e Organização; G - Rest of the World / Resto do Mundo; L - english / inglês; accountability / responsabilização

Cabo Ligado 43 - ACLED (ACLED, 2021)
Insurgents struck throughout Nangade district last week, nearly isolating Nangade town in a series of attacks. On 1 March, insurgents began setting roadblocks on the R763 south of Nangade town, cutting off the main route between Nangade and Mueda. The same day, insurgents killed two farmers working near the village of Eduardo Mondlane, just east of Litingina. On 2 March, more insurgent roadblocks sprang up near Muiha village, in the northwest of Nangade district, near where the borders separating Nangade, Mueda, and Tanzania meet. Insurgents were also seen the same day in the countryside just west of Muiha, where they chased farmers from their fields. No casualties were reported. The incursions west of Muiha are the farthest west incidents in Cabo Delgado involving insurgent fighters ACLED has yet recorded. Far to the east, insurgents once again attacked the border post of Namoto, Palma district on the night of 2 March. Despite a military unit being deployed to protect the area after it was attacked on 27 February, insurgents were able to loot the area and burn the border post to the ground. Helicopters evacuated border police shortly after the attack began, and no casualties have been reported. The next day, insurgents used their roadblock system to ambush a military vehicle traveling on the R763 from Nangade town to Mueda. The ambush took place near Litingina, about 10 kilometers south of Nangade town. Insurgents placed logs in the road and opened fire on the vehicle as it approached. The soldiers in the vehicle returned fire with a rocket propelled grenade and barreled through the roadblock, but not before three soldiers had been killed. The deceased include a lieutenant colonel and two enlisted men. The same day, insurgents killed two civilians from the same family in the village of N’gangolo, which sits on the R763 south of Litingina. That night, insurgents raided the village of Samora Machel, east of Litingina. No details of that attack have been reported. Insurgents drew even closer to Nangade town on 4 March when they attacked the village of 3 de Fevereiro, 9 kilometers east of the district capital. Most civilians had fled to Nangade town before the attack, but they could see the smoke from 3 de Fevereiro as insurgents burned homes in the village. Insurgents also returned to Samora Machel that night, but, again, no details of the attack emerged. A report by Pinnacle News, confirmed by a Cabo Ligado source, notes that insurgents sent messages to Palma civilians, threatening to attack the town on 5 March. As with past threats of specific attack dates, no actual attack on Palma came on 5 March, although more security forces were deployed to the town as a precaution. On 6 March, government forces attacked an insurgent encampment at Nkonga, in eastern Nangade district near the border with Mocimboa da Praia. The village had been deserted following insurgent attacks in the area, and insurgents had commandeered it as a place to hold hostages and stockpile looted goods. Supported by five helicopters, government troops assaulted the village and killed and captured multiple insurgents. Goods looted from Nangade district were recovered, and hostages taken by insurgents during their Nangade raids were freed
Keywords: #Reporting & Media / Reportagem & Mídia; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GP - Cabo Delgado; L - english / inglês; conflict - violent extremism / conflito - extremismo violento; conflict / conflito

As Militants Seize Mozambique Gas Hub, a Dash for Safety Turns Deadly - Goldbaum, Christina; Schmitt, Eric; Walsh, Declan (The New York Times, 2021)
An agonizing choice for nearly 200 people holed up in a hotel as gunmen roamed unchecked: Wait overnight for rescue? Or make a run for it?
Keywords: #Reporting & Media / Reportagem & Mídia; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GD - Palma; GP - Cabo Delgado; L - english / inglês; conflict - violent extremism / conflito - extremismo violento; conflict / conflito; extractive industries / indústrias extractivas; private sector / setor privado

Mozambique: Firing in Palma near Total's LNG project, population fleeing - Lusa (Mozambique, 2021)
The town of Palma, in Cabo Delgado, was under gunfire on Wednesday afternoon and the population is fleeing, different sources who were in communication with the headquarters of the district that hosts the gas projects in northern Mozambique told Lusa. Machine gunfire was heard in the town and the
Keywords: #Reporting & Media / Reportagem & Mídia; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GP - Cabo Delgado; L - english / inglês; conflict - violent extremism / conflito - extremismo violento; conflict / conflito; extractive industries / indústrias extractivas; private sector / setor privado

A Guide to Assessing the Political Economy of Domestic Climate Change Governance - Worker, Jesse; Palmer, Niki (World Resources Institute, 2021)
This paper discusses how understanding the domestic political economy of climate governance is critical for developing informed strategies to build and sustain political ambition. It provides guidance and a methodology for domestic stakeholders to determine the types of institutional reforms, incentives, coalitions, and policy design that can entrench long-term political support for climate ambition. The assessment can also help users identify political barriers to more equitable climate action and identify reforms that may strengthen inclusion and accountability. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Highlights ▪ There is overwhelming evidence of the social, economic, and environmental case to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and rapidly scale up adaptation. Yet, despite a proliferation of climate laws and policies over the last 10–15 years, emissions are still rising, and adaptation needs remain urgent. ▪ This calls for a more sophisticated assessment of the political economy factors that may enable or constrain implementation of policies and actions and sustain political commitment at the country level. ▪ This guide offers an assessment methodology to understand how structural factors, rules and norms, stakeholders and interests, and ideas and narratives influence the political economy of climate action in a given country context. ▪ The methodology was developed on the basis of climate policy, governance, and political economy literature with contributions from subject matter experts. ▪ We intend the assessment to support civil society coalitions, reform-minded civil servants and politicians, international organizations, and other stakeholders. ▪ The resulting analysis should deepen the understanding of context while informing the advocacy, policy design, coalition building, capacity building, and communications of domestic stakeholders.
Keywords: #Reviews & Framing / Revisões e Organização; L - english / inglês; M - methodology / metodologia; M - political economy analysis (PEA) / análise de economia política (AEP); governance / governação

Cabo Ligado 42 - ACLED (ACLED, 2021)
Insurgents struck throughout Nangade district last week, nearly isolating Nangade town in a series of attacks. On 1 March, insurgents began setting roadblocks on the R763 south of Nangade town, cutting off the main route between Nangade and Mueda. The same day, insurgents killed two farmers working near the village of Eduardo Mondlane, just east of Litingina. On 2 March, more insurgent roadblocks sprang up near Muiha village, in the northwest of Nangade district, near where the borders separating Nangade, Mueda, and Tanzania meet. Insurgents were also seen the same day in the countryside just west of Muiha, where they chased farmers from their fields. No casualties were reported. The incursions west of Muiha are the farthest west incidents in Cabo Delgado involving insurgent fighters ACLED has yet recorded. Far to the east, insurgents once again attacked the border post of Namoto, Palma district on the night of 2 March. Despite a military unit being deployed to protect the area after it was attacked on 27 February, insurgents were able to loot the area and burn the border post to the ground. Helicopters evacuated border police shortly after the attack began, and no casualties have been reported. The next day, insurgents used their roadblock system to ambush a military vehicle traveling on the R763 from Nangade town to Mueda. The ambush took place near Litingina, about 10 kilometers south of Nangade town. Insurgents placed logs in the road and opened fire on the vehicle as it approached. The soldiers in the vehicle returned fire with a rocket propelled grenade and barreled through the roadblock, but not before three soldiers had been killed. The deceased include a lieutenant colonel and two enlisted men. The same day, insurgents killed two civilians from the same family in the village of N’gangolo, which sits on the R763 south of Litingina. That night, insurgents raided the village of Samora Machel, east of Litingina. No details of that attack have been reported. Insurgents drew even closer to Nangade town on 4 March when they attacked the village of 3 de Fevereiro, 9 kilometers east of the district capital. Most civilians had fled to Nangade town before the attack, but they could see the smoke from 3 de Fevereiro as insurgents burned homes in the village. Insurgents also returned to Samora Machel that night, but, again, no details of the attack emerged. A report by Pinnacle News, confirmed by a Cabo Ligado source, notes that insurgents sent messages to Palma civilians, threatening to attack the town on 5 March. As with past threats of specific attack dates, no actual attack on Palma came on 5 March, although more security forces were deployed to the town as a precaution. On 6 March, government forces attacked an insurgent encampment at Nkonga, in eastern Nangade district near the border with Mocimboa da Praia. The village had been deserted following insurgent attacks in the area, and insurgents had commandeered it as a place to hold hostages and stockpile looted goods. Supported by five helicopters, government troops assaulted the village and killed and captured multiple insurgents. Goods looted from Nangade district were recovered, and hostages taken by insurgents during their Nangade raids were freed
Keywords: #Reporting & Media / Reportagem & Mídia; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GP - Cabo Delgado; L - english / inglês; conflict - violent extremism / conflito - extremismo violento; conflict / conflito

Social protection during conflict: reflections on Tigray - Sabates-Wheeler, Rachel; Lind, Jeremy (Institute of Development Studies, 2021)
Conflict and an ensuing humanitarian crisis in Ethiopia’s northern Tigray region have led to substantial population displacement and threaten the lives and livelihoods of millions. In a situation where rising needs outstripped preliminary humanitarian responses and where safety net programmes that were purposed for shock-response have been curtailed or stopped functioning altogether, what are the […]
Keywords: #Reviews & Framing / Revisões e Organização; *indexed; G - Rest of the World / Resto do Mundo; L - english / inglês; Social Protection PEA; conflict / conflito; social protection / proteção social

Economia Política da Caça Furtiva Em Moçambique - Centro para Democracia e Desenvolvimento (CDD) (Centro para Democracia e Desenvolvimento (CDD), 2021)
Este estudo documenta a situação da caça furtiva em Moçambique com recurso às ferramentas do jornalismo investigativo e na base de trabalhos de campo realizados no Parque Nacional do Limpopo e na Reserva Nacional do Niassa. Neste estudo está retratada a economia política da caça furtiva no País, nomeadamente os actores, a articulação dos interesses destes grupos (nacionais e internacionais), as formas de actuação e a relação da caça ilegal com a violação dos direitos humanos.
Keywords: G - Mozambique / Moçambique; L - portuguese / português; corruption / corrupção; poverty / pobreza

Cabo Ligado 41 - ACLED (ACLED, 2021)
Insurgents struck throughout Nangade district last week, nearly isolating Nangade town in a series of attacks. On 1 March, insurgents began setting roadblocks on the R763 south of Nangade town, cutting off the main route between Nangade and Mueda. The same day, insurgents killed two farmers working near the village of Eduardo Mondlane, just east of Litingina. On 2 March, more insurgent roadblocks sprang up near Muiha village, in the northwest of Nangade district, near where the borders separating Nangade, Mueda, and Tanzania meet. Insurgents were also seen the same day in the countryside just west of Muiha, where they chased farmers from their fields. No casualties were reported. The incursions west of Muiha are the farthest west incidents in Cabo Delgado involving insurgent fighters ACLED has yet recorded. Far to the east, insurgents once again attacked the border post of Namoto, Palma district on the night of 2 March. Despite a military unit being deployed to protect the area after it was attacked on 27 February, insurgents were able to loot the area and burn the border post to the ground. Helicopters evacuated border police shortly after the attack began, and no casualties have been reported. The next day, insurgents used their roadblock system to ambush a military vehicle traveling on the R763 from Nangade town to Mueda. The ambush took place near Litingina, about 10 kilometers south of Nangade town. Insurgents placed logs in the road and opened fire on the vehicle as it approached. The soldiers in the vehicle returned fire with a rocket propelled grenade and barreled through the roadblock, but not before three soldiers had been killed. The deceased include a lieutenant colonel and two enlisted men. The same day, insurgents killed two civilians from the same family in the village of N’gangolo, which sits on the R763 south of Litingina. That night, insurgents raided the village of Samora Machel, east of Litingina. No details of that attack have been reported. Insurgents drew even closer to Nangade town on 4 March when they attacked the village of 3 de Fevereiro, 9 kilometers east of the district capital. Most civilians had fled to Nangade town before the attack, but they could see the smoke from 3 de Fevereiro as insurgents burned homes in the village. Insurgents also returned to Samora Machel that night, but, again, no details of the attack emerged. A report by Pinnacle News, confirmed by a Cabo Ligado source, notes that insurgents sent messages to Palma civilians, threatening to attack the town on 5 March. As with past threats of specific attack dates, no actual attack on Palma came on 5 March, although more security forces were deployed to the town as a precaution. On 6 March, government forces attacked an insurgent encampment at Nkonga, in eastern Nangade district near the border with Mocimboa da Praia. The village had been deserted following insurgent attacks in the area, and insurgents had commandeered it as a place to hold hostages and stockpile looted goods. Supported by five helicopters, government troops assaulted the village and killed and captured multiple insurgents. Goods looted from Nangade district were recovered, and hostages taken by insurgents during their Nangade raids were freed
Keywords: #Reporting & Media / Reportagem & Mídia; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GP - Cabo Delgado; L - english / inglês; conflict - violent extremism / conflito - extremismo violento; conflict / conflito

Mozambique: Syrah Resources resumes graphite mining ahead of schedule after year's stoppage (Mozambique, 2021)
Australian mining company Syrah Resources has resumed production of graphite ahead of schedule at its Balama mine in Cabo Delgado, northern Mozambique, it said in a statement to shareholders on Tuesday. The plant's activities were halted in late March last year following the country's implementat
Keywords: #Reporting & Media / Reportagem & Mídia; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GP - Cabo Delgado; L - english / inglês; natural resources - mining / recursos naturais - mineração; natural resources / recursos naturais; private sector / setor privado

Of zinc roofs and mango trees: tractors, the state and agrarian dualism in Mozambique - Cabral, Lídia (The Journal of Peasant Studies, 2021)
This paper reviews the latest mechanisation programme by the Mozambican government, asking how it is politically driven and how it shapes and is shaped by agrarian structures. Old ideas about agrarian dualism are reproduced today, albeit with a new language of public-private partnerships that are seen as potentially driving the modernisation of the peasantry. State-sponsored and privately-run service centres, featuring zinc roofed warehouses, are the government’s preferred route to modernisation, yet failing to reach the average farmer and understanding the motives and predicaments of private managers. Emerging small to medium farmers, who keep tractors under shady mango trees in their backyards, are also offering mechanisation services to their peers, which are instrumental to stepping up their production and commercial activities. The state’s push for mechanisation feeds uneven patterns of accumulation and social differentiation.
Keywords: *indexed; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; L - english / inglês; Northern PEA; access to services / acesso a serviços; agriculture / agricultura; government policy / politica governamental; private sector / setor privado

State Department Terrorist Designations of ISIS Affiliates and Leaders in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Mozambique (United States Department of State, 2021)
The Department of State has designated the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria – Democratic Republic of the Congo (ISIS-DRC) and the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria – Mozambique (ISIS-Mozambique) as Foreign Terrorist Organizations under section 219 of the Immigration and Nationality Act, as amended.  The Department has also designated ISIS-DRC and ISIS-Mozambique as […]
Keywords: *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; L - english / inglês; conflict - violent extremism / conflito - extremismo violento; conflict / conflito; private sector / setor privado

US hits IS groups in Mozambique, Congo with terror sanctions (AP NEWS, 2021)
WASHINGTON (AP) — The Biden administration on Wednesday designated two Islamic State affiliates in Mozambique and the Democratic Republic of Congo as “foreign terrorist organizations,” imposing...
Keywords: #Reporting & Media / Reportagem & Mídia; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; L - english / inglês; conflict - violent extremism / conflito - extremismo violento; conflict / conflito

A Insurgência Jihadi em Moçambique: Origens, Natureza e Início - Morier-Genoud, Eric (Cadernos IESE, 2021)
Resultante de uma investigação com trabalho de campo em Cabo Delgado em 2018 e 2019, este novo Cadernos IESE nº 21, da autoria de Eric Morier-Genoud, explica a origem, natureza, e dinâmica da guerra no norte de Moçambique com base numa análise da historicidade e das dinâmicas internas das sociedades locais. Defende o argumento segundo o qual é mais produtivo pensar nos insurgentes do Al-Shabaab em termos da sua trajectória histórica, evoluindo de uma seita islâmista para um grupo armado jihadi violento, passando actualmente por um processo de internacionalização que poderá se evoluir de várias formas no futuro.
Keywords: *indexed; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GP - Cabo Delgado; L - portuguese / português; conflict - violent extremism / conflito - extremismo violento; conflict / conflito

Cabo Ligado (Mozambique Conflict Observatory ) Cabo Ligado Weekly: 1-7 March - ACLED (ACLED, 2021)
Insurgents struck throughout Nangade district last week, nearly isolating Nangade town in a series of attacks. On 1 March, insurgents began setting roadblocks on the R763 south of Nangade town, cutting off the main route between Nangade and Mueda. The same day, insurgents killed two farmers working near the village of Eduardo Mondlane, just east of Litingina. On 2 March, more insurgent roadblocks sprang up near Muiha village, in the northwest of Nangade district, near where the borders separating Nangade, Mueda, and Tanzania meet. Insurgents were also seen the same day in the countryside just west of Muiha, where they chased farmers from their fields. No casualties were reported. The incursions west of Muiha are the farthest west incidents in Cabo Delgado involving insurgent fighters ACLED has yet recorded. Far to the east, insurgents once again attacked the border post of Namoto, Palma district on the night of 2 March. Despite a military unit being deployed to protect the area after it was attacked on 27 February, insurgents were able to loot the area and burn the border post to the ground. Helicopters evacuated border police shortly after the attack began, and no casualties have been reported. The next day, insurgents used their roadblock system to ambush a military vehicle traveling on the R763 from Nangade town to Mueda. The ambush took place near Litingina, about 10 kilometers south of Nangade town. Insurgents placed logs in the road and opened fire on the vehicle as it approached. The soldiers in the vehicle returned fire with a rocket propelled grenade and barreled through the roadblock, but not before three soldiers had been killed. The deceased include a lieutenant colonel and two enlisted men. The same day, insurgents killed two civilians from the same family in the village of N’gangolo, which sits on the R763 south of Litingina. That night, insurgents raided the village of Samora Machel, east of Litingina. No details of that attack have been reported. Insurgents drew even closer to Nangade town on 4 March when they attacked the village of 3 de Fevereiro, 9 kilometers east of the district capital. Most civilians had fled to Nangade town before the attack, but they could see the smoke from 3 de Fevereiro as insurgents burned homes in the village. Insurgents also returned to Samora Machel that night, but, again, no details of the attack emerged. A report by Pinnacle News, confirmed by a Cabo Ligado source, notes that insurgents sent messages to Palma civilians, threatening to attack the town on 5 March. As with past threats of specific attack dates, no actual attack on Palma came on 5 March, although more security forces were deployed to the town as a precaution. On 6 March, government forces attacked an insurgent encampment at Nkonga, in eastern Nangade district near the border with Mocimboa da Praia. The village had been deserted following insurgent attacks in the area, and insurgents had commandeered it as a place to hold hostages and stockpile looted goods. Supported by five helicopters, government troops assaulted the village and killed and captured multiple insurgents. Goods looted from Nangade district were recovered, and hostages taken by insurgents during their Nangade raids were freed
Keywords: #Reporting & Media / Reportagem & Mídia; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GP - Cabo Delgado; L - english / inglês; conflict - violent extremism / conflito - extremismo violento; conflict / conflito; private sector / setor privado

Afinal, não é só Cabo Delgado! Dinâmicas da insurgência em Nampula e Niassa - Forquilha, Salvador; Pereira, João (IDeIAS, 2021)
Nos últimos três anos e meio, Moçambique enfrenta uma violência armada desencadeada por um grupo de natureza jihadista. Com origens na zona norte de Cabo Delgado e localmente conhecido pela designação Al-Shabaab, o grupo surgiu como uma seita religiosa (Morier-Genoud, 2020) e, de seguida, constituiu-se numa unidade militarizada, tendo partido para a violência armada a 5 de Outubro de 2017. Baseado em trabalho de campo nas províncias de Cabo Delgado, Nampula e Niassa, este texto procura analisar a insurgência com base em dinâmicas de alguns distritos de Nampula e Niassa. Com enfoque nos factores do avanço da insurgência no terreno, o texto sublinha o argumento, segundo o qual, a compreensão do desenvolvimento da insurgência em Cabo Delgado passa, entre outros aspectos, pela análise das dinâmicas sociais, económicas e religiosas das províncias vizinhas, nomeadamente Nampula e Niassa, que se transformaram em espaços férteis de recrutamento, particularmente a partir de 2018. O argumento é desenvolvido em dois momentos. No primeiro momento, o texto procura identificar e analisar os principais factores que conduziram ao alastramento da insurgência para mais distritos de Cabo Delgado e à tentativa de instalação de células de tendência radical em alguns distritos de Nampula e Niassa. No segundo momento, focaliza-se a atenção para as dinâmicas de recrutamento a nível interno, com destaque para alguns distritos localizados na zona costeira de Nampula e na fronteira entre a província de Niassa e a Tanzânia.
Keywords: *indexed; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GP - Cabo Delgado; GP - Nampula; GP - Niassa; L - portuguese / português; conflict - violent extremism / conflito - extremismo violento; conflict / conflito

Estabelecimento Da Rede Moçambicana dos Defensores de Direitos Humanos (RMDDH) Nas Províncias de Tete, Gaza, Nampula - RMDDH (CDD - Centro para Democracia e Desenvolvimento Mozambique, 2021)
A Rede Moçambicana dos Defensores de Direitos Humanos (RMDDH) está a levar a cabo actividades de identificação e mapeamento de defensores de direitos humanos nas províncias, que incluem pessoas singulares e organizações da sociedade civil que estão na linha de frente na luta pela defesa dos direitos humanos. Financiado pela OCISA, o trabalho iniciou em Abril último na Província de Tete, centro de Moçambique, onde a RMDDH realizou vários encontros com organizações da sociedade civil que trabalham na área dos direitos humanos e com instituições governamentais e estatais
Keywords: *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GP - Gaza; GP - Nampula; GP - Tete; L - portuguese / português; civil society / sociedade civil

Conflict is the new ‘hazard’ on the social protection block - Sabates-Wheeler, Rachel; Slater, Rachel; Lind, Jeremy; Harvey, Paul; Oosterhoff, Pauline; Faith, Becky; Naess, Lars Otto; Selby, Jan; Roberts, Tony; Longhurst, Daniel; Rohwerder, Brigitte; Collyer, Michael; et al. (Institute of Development Studies, 2021)
Although social protection has the potential to address crises in different ways, the evidence base is thematically and geographically patchy. The Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office-funded (FCDO)-funded Better Assistance in Crises (BASIC) Research programme aims to inform policy and programming on effective social assistance in situations of crisis, including those experiencing climate-related shocks and stressors, protracted conflict and forced displacement.
Keywords: #Reviews & Framing / Revisões e Organização; G - Rest of the World / Resto do Mundo; L - english / inglês; Social Protection PEA; conflict / conflito; social protection / proteção social

Mozambique: ExxonMobil again postpones final decision on Rovuma LNG (Mozambique, 2021)
US oil company Exxon has postponed for the third consecutive year the Final Investment Decision on the natural gas exploration project in Mozambique, putting the $30 billion investment in doubt. According to Bloomberg news agency, which quotes the company's Senior Vice President Neil Chapman, Nei
Keywords: #Reporting & Media / Reportagem & Mídia; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GP - Cabo Delgado; L - english / inglês; conflict - violent extremism / conflito - extremismo violento; conflict / conflito; private sector / setor privado

Total kicks off search for first Mozambique FSRU | Upstream Online - Hine (l_hine), Lucy (Upstream Online | Latest oil and gas news, 2021)
Floating regas unit could be used for imports that would ultimately help supply South Africa
Keywords: G - Mozambique / Moçambique; L - english / inglês

Regional Integration at the Forefront of Mozambique’s Energy Success - Hundermark, Charnè (cnbcafrica, 2021)
As one of leading resource-rich countries in sub-Saharan Africa, Mozambique has the potential to not only significantly advance its own socioeconomic status, but also dramatically boost economic growth throughout the region. According to the World Bank Group, regional integration helps countries to overcome divisions that impede the flow of goods, services, capital, people and ideas. As large-scale energy projects are expected to come online in Mozambique through 2023, the country has observed renewed political commitment to establishing sustainable regional integration with neighboring governments and private operators.
Keywords: #Reporting & Media / Reportagem & Mídia; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; L - english / inglês; economic development / desenvolvimento económico

O que vi foi a morte: crimes de guerra no "cabo esqueçido" de Moçambique (Amnesty International, 2021)
After suffering decades of under-investment, government negligence, and crushing poverty, the province of Cabo Delgado, the poorest in Mozambique, is now the site of a raging insurgency. Over 1,300 civilians have been killed; another 500,000 have been displaced, and towns and villages have been left in ruins. Fighting has intensified since an armed group locally known as Al-Shabaab attacked the northern port town of Mocímboa da Praia in October 2017. In a series of attacks, Al-Shabaab has killed civilians and burned their homes; the security forces of Mozambique have abused the very people they are meant to protect, and the Dyck Advisory Group, the private military company hired as a quick reaction force, has fired machine guns and dropped grenades indiscriminately from their helicopters. The people of Cabo Delgado are caught between three forces, and the result is a massive humanitarian crisis.
Keywords: *indexed; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GP - Cabo Delgado; L - portuguese / português; conflict / conflito

What I saw is death: War crimes in Mozambique's forgotten cape (Amnesty International, 2021)
After suffering decades of under-investment, government negligence, and crushing poverty, the province of Cabo Delgado, the poorest in Mozambique, is now the site of a raging insurgency. Over 1,300 civilians have been killed; another 500,000 have been displaced, and towns and villages have been left in ruins. Fighting has intensified since an armed group locally known as Al-Shabaab attacked the northern port town of Mocímboa da Praia in October 2017. In a series of attacks, Al-Shabaab has killed civilians and burned their homes; the security forces of Mozambique have abused the very people they are meant to protect, and the Dyck Advisory Group, the private military company hired as a quick reaction force, has fired machine guns and dropped grenades indiscriminately from their helicopters. The people of Cabo Delgado are caught between three forces, and the result is a massive humanitarian crisis.
Keywords: *indexed; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GP - Cabo Delgado; L - english / inglês; conflict / conflito

Signing of Grant Agreement with Mozambique: Contributing to the improvement of people’s living environment in Niassa Province through the construction of a rural water supply facility - JICA (2021)
On February 26, 2021, the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) signed a grant agreement with the Government of the Republic of Mozambique in Maputo, to provide grant aid of up to 2.076billion yen for the Project for the Construction of a Rural Water Supply Facility in Niassa Province. Under this project, people’s living environment in Niassa Province will improve through installing a rural water supply facility, which will allow access to safe and clean water. It is expected that this project will lead to reduction of waterborne diseases and nutritional improvement. Measures to combat climate change will also be conducted, and this project will contribute to the achievement of SDGs Goals 3, 6, and 13.
Keywords: #Reporting & Media / Reportagem & Mídia; *indexed; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GP - Niassa; L - english / inglês; access to services / acesso a serviços; climate change / mudanças climáticas; infrastructure / infrastrutura

Altona Rare Earths soars as it enters MoU to acquire rare earths project (Vox Markets, 2021)
Shares in Altona Rare Earths soared by over 60% today following the news that the group has entered into an MoU to acquire up to 70% in the Monte Muambe Rare Earths Project. Should it choose to proceed with the investment following a 90-day due diligence period, the project would represent its first venture into a carbonatite hosted REE asset.
Keywords: #Reporting & Media / Reportagem & Mídia; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - central / centro; GP - Tete; L - english / inglês; natural resources - mining / recursos naturais - mineração; natural resources / recursos naturais

Mozambique: Civilians killed as war crimes committed by armed group, government forces, and private military contractors – new report (2021)
The new report documents serious violations of international humanitarian law by all parties to the conflict in Cabo Delgado.
Keywords: #Reporting & Media / Reportagem & Mídia; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GP - Cabo Delgado; L - english / inglês; conflict - violent extremism / conflito - extremismo violento; conflict / conflito

Cabo Ligado Monthly: March 2021 - ACLED (ACLED, 2021)
In This Report: Analysis of the IS claim of the Palma attack in the context of the overall relationship between IS and the Cabo Delgado insurgency Discussion of growing tensions between displaced people, host communities, and aid organizations in districts with growing displaced populations Update on international involvement in the Cabo Delgado conflict and analysis of the role that South African companies Dyck Advisory Group and Paramount Group play in the conflict
Keywords: #Reporting & Media / Reportagem & Mídia; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GP - Cabo Delgado; L - english / inglês; conflict - violent extremism / conflito - extremismo violento; conflict / conflito; displaced communities / comunidades deslocadas

Narrativas Desqualificadoras à Sociedade Civil em Moçambique e Sua Contribuição Para o Fechamento Do Espaço Cívico - Salimo, Padil; Monjane, Celso (2021)
O presente estudo visa identificar e analisar as narrativas dominantes de deslegitimação do papel da sociedade civil e sua contribuição para a obstrução do espaço cívico em Moçambique. O estudo também analisa como essas narrativas são disseminadas e as dinâmicas de poder que as sustentam. O estudo pretende providenciar estratégias que se contrapõem às narrativas desqualificadoras, e na construção de novas narrativas. Para o efeito, foram analisadas peças informativas ou opinativas nas redes sociais e media convencionais que evidenciam práticas manifestas de desqualificação da sociedade civil e com potenciais efeitos na obstrução e/ou no fechamento do espaço cívico. Associado a isso, faz-se o mapeamento dos propulsores dessas narrativas, os grupos a que pertencem e as suas motivações.
Keywords: *non-public; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; L - portuguese / português; civic space / espaço cívico; civil society / sociedade civil

Food security and livelihoods under a changing climate in Mozambique: preparing for the future - World Food Programme (World Food Programme, 2021)
Mozambique’s climate is characterized by relatively uniform temperatures across the country and a north-south rainfall gradient which results in higher more reliable rainfall amounts in the North, and lower more variable rainfall amounts in the South Historical climate analysis for the country shows that temperatures are already increasing and rainfall trends are dominated by year-to-year variability. Livelihoods and agricultural production systems are already being affected by the changing and more variable climate. Climate projections for the 2050s show strong agreement for an increase in temperature, but no strong trend for changes in rainfall. All scenarios of projected climate change will result in increased heat stress, reductions in water availability, and more frequent and intense extreme weather events, which could exacerbate food insecurity in the absence of adaptation.
Keywords: *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; L - english / inglês; Northern PEA; agriculture / agricultura; climate change / mudanças climáticas; security / segurança

Cabo Ligado 39 - ACLED (ACLED, 2021)
On 22 February, insurgents conducted two attacks along the border between Nangade and Mocimboa da Praia districts. The first, a morning attack, took place at Ingalonga, Nangade district. Insurgents beheaded two people there. Later that day, across the border in Mitope, Mocimboa da Praia district, insurgents captured three women and three men who had been working in their fields. One woman was released, and the three men were beheaded. Local militias deployed to the area in response, but no clashes were reported. Three days later insurgents struck closer to the Nangade district capital, attacking the village of Luneque, which is only 10 kilometers from Nangade town. The attackers killed four civilians in the town, and caused many others to flee to the district capital. On the evening of 26 February, insurgents surprised residents of Quirinde, Palma district as they ate dinner. Residents fled, but insurgents killed seven, three of whom were beheaded. Insurgents also destroyed homes and looted food and other goods. Quirinde is a coastal village north of Palma town, about six kilometers east of Quionga, which insurgents attacked on 19 February. One source reports that helicopters belonging to government forces or government contractors pursued the Quirinde attackers, causing an indeterminate number of casualties. According to Pinnacle News, the government has deployed two battalions of the police Rapid Intervention Unit to the area in an attempt to prevent further insurgent attacks on the route between Palma and the Tanzanian border.
Keywords: #Reporting & Media / Reportagem & Mídia; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GP - Cabo Delgado; L - english / inglês; conflict - violent extremism / conflito - extremismo violento; conflict / conflito

Strengthening Women’s Inclusion in Social Accountability Initiatives - Nazneen, Sohela; Silva Olivares, Maria Fernanda (2021)
In the last 20 years, social accountability initiatives have facilitated the inclusion and participation of marginalised groups in governance processes. This Policy Briefing focuses on how and what factors prove effective in strengthening women’s voice in processes holding public service providers accountable. We argue that initiatives must: (a) build technical and other forms of capacity amongst women; (b) change formal rules on women’s inclusion; (c) apply political economy analysis to unpack power dynamics, identify actors in favour of gender equality, and build a network in support of women; and (d) make long-term funding commitments for sustainable change in gender-biased norms.
Keywords: *tagged; L - english / inglês; accountability / responsabilização; gender / género; social inclusion & exclusion / inclusão e exclusão social

Waves and legacies: The making of an investment frontier in Niassa, Mozambique - García, Angela Kronenburg; Meyfroidt, Patrick; Abeygunawardane, Dilini; Sitoe, Almeida (AfricArXiv, 2021)
To understand how land-use frontiers emerge, we studied the actors driving investments in Niassa province, Mozambique. Our ethnographic research over 2017-2018 among commercial agriculture and forestry investors shows that successive waves of actors with different backgrounds, motives and business practices, arrived in Niassa to establish farms or plantations yet repeatedly failed. Waves come and go but leave sediments – legacies – that add up to gradually build the conditions for a frontier to emerge. The accumulation of these legacies has given rise to a new wave by actors from within the region, indicating that over time endogenous processes may replace externally-driven waves.
Keywords: *tagged; FDI - foreign direct investment / IDE - investimento directo estrangeiro; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GP - Niassa; L - english / inglês; Northern PEA; agriculture / agricultura; private sector / setor privado

Social Protection and Cash Transfers in Mozambique: between international consensus and local agency - Oliveira, Maria Clara; Cravo, Teresa Almeida (Cadernos de Estudos Africanos, 2021)
This article examines the rise of cash transfer programs and their embrace, since the 1990s, as a central element in global public policy on economic and social development and poverty reduction. Focusing on the example of Mozambique, an early adopter of such programs, it analyses the relationship between international organizations, development aid agencies, national government and local agents in the field, in the design and delivery of social protection policy. While external actors have been important in shaping Mozambican public policy, this study reveals the relevant role played by the country’s domestic actors in agenda-setting, conception and implementation of a cash transfer program as early as 1990, and its evolution over the subsequent three decades. In this interplay between international and local levels of decision- and policy-making, the article looks into the barriers to the program’s reach, pace and limited impact.
Keywords: *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; L - portuguese / português; development partners / parceiros de cooperação; social protection / proteção social

Ten Conflicts to Worry About in 2021 (ACLED, 2021)
A review of key developments in 2020 with a look toward trends to watch in the coming year.
Keywords: #Reviews & Framing / Revisões e Organização; *indexed; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - Rest of the World / Resto do Mundo; G - north / norte; GP - Cabo Delgado; L - english / inglês; conflict - violent extremism / conflito - extremismo violento; conflict / conflito

Com quem podemos contar? Autoridade, Empoderamento e Responsabilização em Moçambique - Chaimite, Egidio; Forquilha, Salvador; Shankland, Alex (Portuguese Translation of IDS Working Paper 546, Maputo: Instituto de Estudos Sociais e Económicos, 2021)
Neste artigo, usamos 'diários de governação' para analisar as interações entre pessoas pobres e autoridades em contextos de Fragilidade, Conflitos e Violência (FCVAS) em Moçambique. Questionamos os significados de empoderamento e responsabilização, sob ponto de vista de pessoas pobres e marginalizadas, e procuramos perceber como essas pessoas vêem as instituições que as governam, incluindo as que as providenciam bens e serviços básicos, entre os quais os de saúde e segurança. As conclusões mostram que, mesmo que as percepções e, com elas, os conceitos de empoderamento e responsabilização que emergiram, não difiram significativamente dos identificados na literatura, em termos de ação e mobilização há diferenças. Constatamos que, nos nossos locais de pesquisa, as pessoas raramente se mobilizam, mesmo com a má prestação de serviços básicos e a prevalência de injustiças. Muitos consideram-se 'incapazes' de influenciar ou forçar as 'autoridades' a responderem às suas preocupações e demandas. Por 'Autoridade Pública' entendem qualquer entidade ou pessoa capaz de resolver os problemas da comunidade, enquanto Estado, geralmente reconhecido como 'Autoridade', é percebido como indistinto do Partido Frelimo e do Governo, mas também é visto como um pai, embora ausente, e aquele que se esquece e abandona os seus filhos.
Keywords: *indexed; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; L - portuguese / português; Northern PEA; access to services / acesso a serviços; accountability / responsabilização; authority / autoridade; conflict / conflito; empowerment / empoderamento; fragility / fragilidade; governance / governação; health / saúde; institutions / instituições; justice / justiça; mobilization / mobilização; security / segurança; taxation / tributação

Who Can We Count On? Authority, Empowerment and Accountability in Mozambique - Chaimite, Egidio; Forquilha, Salvador; Shankland, Alex (IDS Working Paper 546, Brighton: Institute of Development Studies, 2021)
In this paper, we explore the use of a governance diaries methodology to investigate poor households’ interactions with authority in fragile, conflict and violence-affected settings in Mozambique. The research questioned the meanings of empowerment and accountability from the point of view of poor and marginalised people, with the aim of understanding what both mean for them, and how that changes over time, based on their experiences with governance. The study also sought to record how poor and marginalised households view the multiple institutions that govern their lives; providing basic public goods and services, including health and security; and, in return, raise revenues to fund these services. The findings show that, even if the perceptions and, with them, the concepts of empowerment and accountability that emerged do not differ significantly from those identified in the literature, in terms of action and mobilisation there are distinctions. In our research sites we found that people rarely mobilise, even faced with prevalent injustices and poor basic service provision. Many claim to be ‘unable’ to influence or force ‘authorities’ to respond to their concerns and demands.
Keywords: *indexed; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; L - english / inglês; Northern PEA; access to services / acesso a serviços; accountability / responsabilização; authority / autoridade; conflict / conflito; empowerment / empoderamento; fragility / fragilidade; governance / governação; health / saúde; institutions / instituições; justice / justiça; mobilization / mobilização; security / segurança; taxation / tributação

Actualidade Económica de Moçambique: Preparação para Recuperação (World Bank Group, 2021)
The global pandemic has taken a heavy toll on Mozambique’s economy. In 2020, the country experienced its first economic contraction in nearly three decades. COVID-19 (coronavirus) hit the economy as it was attempting to recover from the slowdown triggered by the hidden debt crisis and the tropical cyclones in 2019. Real gross domestic product (GDP) contracted by 1.3 percent in 2020, compared to a pre-Covid estimate of 4.3 percent, as external demand declined, domestic lockdown measures disrupted supply chains and depressed domestic demand, and liquified natural gas (LNG) investments were delayed. COVID-19 has caused a sudden income loss for enterprises and households, worsening living conditions, especially for the urban poor largely engaged in the informal sector. According to the National Institute of Statistics, as of June 2020, about 120,000 jobs were lost and 63,000 employment contracts suspended, with women being the most affected. Around 3 percent of the firms affected were forced to cease their activity. Services activities are the hardest hit. The tourism and hospitality industries have particularly suffered a steep decline in revenues. COVID-19 has jeopardized years of hard-won development gains, with about one million people estimated to have slipped into poverty in 2020 (as measured by the international poverty line of 1.90 US Dollars per day). While there is great uncertainty about the path of the pandemic, the economy is expected to gradually recover from 2021 as aggregate demand rebounds and LNG investments and extractive production gain momentum. Despite the expected recovery, the widespread deployment of COVID-19 vaccines will be at the core of a resilient recovery. This Economic Update explores the implications of COVID-19 for the economy, businesses and households. It makes recommendations for moving forward—in the short-term relief phase, as well as over the medium and longer term in order to 'build back better~^!!^.
Keywords: *indexed; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; L - portuguese / português; development partners / parceiros de cooperação; economic development / desenvolvimento económico; health - COVID-19 / saúde – COVID-19; health / saúde; private sector / setor privado

Mozambique Economic Update : Setting the Stage for Recovery (World Bank Group, 2021)
The global pandemic has taken a heavy toll on Mozambique’s economy. In 2020, the country experienced its first economic contraction in nearly three decades. COVID-19 (coronavirus) hit the economy as it was attempting to recover from the slowdown triggered by the hidden debt crisis and the tropical cyclones in 2019. Real gross domestic product (GDP) contracted by 1.3 percent in 2020, compared to a pre-Covid estimate of 4.3 percent, as external demand declined, domestic lockdown measures disrupted supply chains and depressed domestic demand, and liquified natural gas (LNG) investments were delayed. COVID-19 has caused a sudden income loss for enterprises and households, worsening living conditions, especially for the urban poor largely engaged in the informal sector. According to the National Institute of Statistics, as of June 2020, about 120,000 jobs were lost and 63,000 employment contracts suspended, with women being the most affected. Around 3 percent of the firms affected were forced to cease their activity. Services activities are the hardest hit. The tourism and hospitality industries have particularly suffered a steep decline in revenues. COVID-19 has jeopardized years of hard-won development gains, with about one million people estimated to have slipped into poverty in 2020 (as measured by the international poverty line of 1.90 US Dollars per day). While there is great uncertainty about the path of the pandemic, the economy is expected to gradually recover from 2021 as aggregate demand rebounds and LNG investments and extractive production gain momentum. Despite the expected recovery, the widespread deployment of COVID-19 vaccines will be at the core of a resilient recovery. This Economic Update explores the implications of COVID-19 for the economy, businesses and households. It makes recommendations for moving forward—in the short-term relief phase, as well as over the medium and longer term in order to 'build back better~^!!^.
Keywords: *indexed; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; L - english / inglês; development partners / parceiros de cooperação; economic development / desenvolvimento económico; health - COVID-19 / saúde – COVID-19; health / saúde; private sector / setor privado

Multinational enterprises, political institutions, and violence: a case study from Mozambique - Mairoce, Carlos; Silberberger, Magdalene; Zweynert, Joachim (Journal of Institutional Economics, 2021)
Based on the concept of limited and open access orders (LAO/OAO), this paper explains what appears to be a paradox: how was it possible that a former civil war country, Mozambique, which had been extremely successful in attracting foreign direct investment (FDI) and which the International Monetary Fund praised as a great Sub-Sahara African success story in 2007, only a few years later found itself on the brink of a new civil war? We argue that the destabilization of the country was the result of a toxic mix of domestic politics and a massive inflow of FDI. FDI provided rents to an increasingly dominant state party, FRELIMO, which could be appropriated one-sidedly. It then used these rents to oppress RENAMO, its previous civil war enemy and currently its main opposition party, to monopolize power. This strategy seemed to be successful until RENAMO, faced with the risk of being politically marginalized (and of losing its rents accordingly), returned to armed conflict in 2013. By analyzing the links between the macro-level of national politics and the micro-level of an enterprise and by embedding the interplay between polity and economy into an international context, the paper also makes a theoretical contribution to the LAO/OAO concept.
Keywords: *tagged; FDI - foreign direct investment / IDE - investimento directo estrangeiro; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; L - english / inglês; conflict - civil war / conflito - guerra civil; extractive industries / indústrias extractivas; private sector / setor privado

Shaping Social Change with Music in Maputo, Mozambique - Taela, Kátia; Gonçalves, Euclides; Maivasse, Catija; Manhiça, Anésio (IDS Policy Briefing, 2021)
In Mozambique, development programmes have traditionally drawn on music as a means to promote social transformation by educating citizens on key social development issues. Shifting the focus from music as a teaching medium to music as a rich source of information can provide vital insights into public opinion and political ideas, and significantly impact the development of citizen engagement projects. Maximum gains for development and civil society agencies can be achieved by mainstreaming gender into mutual learning activities between singers, audiences, and academics.
Keywords: *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - south / sul; GP - Maputo; L - english / inglês; M - ethnography / etnografia; accountability / responsabilização; citizenship & participation / cidadania e participação; decentralization / descentralização; empowerment / empoderamento; gender / género

Mozambique: How Total plans to protects its $15bn major gas project - Le Bec, Christophe (The Africa Report.com, 2021)
Total is going ahead with its Mozambique LNG project despite a major armed insurgency in Cabo Delgado. This article discusses plans to secure its Afungi facility, including security forces involved. Facility employment is projected to triple by 2022, from 5,000 in 2020 to 15,000 by 2022.
Keywords: *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GP - Cabo Delgado; L - english / inglês; employment / emprego; extractive industries / indústrias extractivas; private sector / setor privado

Estimating the cost of implementing a facility and community score card for maternal and newborn care service delivery in a rural district in Uganda - Ssebagereka, Anthony; Apolot, Rebecca Racheal; Nyachwo, Evelyne Baelvina; Ekirapa-Kiracho, Elizabeth (International Journal for Equity in Health, 2021)
This paper aimed at estimating the resources required to implement a community Score Card by a typical rural district health team in Uganda, as a mechanism for fostering accountability, utilization and quality of maternal and child healthcare service.
Keywords: #Reviews & Framing / Revisões e Organização; *indexed; *tagged; G - Rest of the World / Resto do Mundo; Health PEA; L - english / inglês; access to services / acesso a serviços; accountability / responsabilização; community scorecard (CSC) / cartão de pontuação comunitária (CPC); gender / género; health - maternal and child / saúde - materno-infantil; health / saúde; youth / juventude

Mapeamento das OSC em Moçambique - Costantini, Gianfrancesco; Macuane, José Jaime; Guirengane, Juscelina; de Araújo, Shaista (2021)
A mapping of CSOs and an analysis of key dynamics influencing CSOs actions and development Este documento é o relatório final do estudo de mapeamento das organizações da sociedade civil (OSCs) realizado em 2021, no contexto do processo de estruturação do Roteiro de Apoio à Sociedade Civil da União Europeia em Moçambique. Os objetivos do estudo são o de actualizar a informação do contexto de actuação da sociedade civil e as indicações estratégicas do mapeamento das OSCs realizado em 2015, sobre as características gerais da sociedade civil em Moçambique, e o de detalhar o papel das OSCs e dos espaços de diálogo a nível sectorial. A base do mapeamento é um conceito amplo e diferenciado das OSCs. Neste âmbito, são consideradas, além das Organizações Não-Governamentais (ONGs), todas as formas de agregação dos cidadãos e cidadãs, formais e informais, legalizadas e não legalizadas. De um ponto de vista metodológico-operacional, esta concepção implicou a identificação das entidades da sociedade civil em diferentes níveis. O mapeamento foi realizado através da consulta integrada e coordenada de diferentes fontes de informação. A consulta permitiu, por um lado, assegurar uma validação das informações recolhidas e, por outro, assegurar a representação dos pontos de vista e das perspectivas dos diferentes actores. No total, no contexto do mapeamento, foram consultadas 350 organizações da sociedade civil, incluindo entidades locais e nacionais aos diferentes níveis, assim como ONGIs internacionais.
Keywords: G - Mozambique / Moçambique; L - portuguese / português; M - survey / inquérito; civil society / sociedade civil; ⛔ No DOI found

Mozambique - Combined Mid-Term Review of the Country Strategy Paper 2018-2022 and Country Portfolio Performance Review 2020 (African Development Bank, 2021)
The Bank Group’s Country Strategy Paper (CSP) 2018-2022 for Mozambique was approved by the Boards of Executive Directors in June 2018. The CSP was prepared in a context of economic downturn triggered by the deterioration of the country's financial situation and scaleddown dialogue between the Government of Mozambique (GoM) and Donor Partners (DPs). The CSP was anchored on two pillars: (i) "Development of infrastructure to enable transformative, inclusive growth and job creation", and (ii) "Support to agricultural transformation and value chain development".
Keywords: G - Mozambique / Moçambique; L - english / inglês; development partners / parceiros de cooperação

Colateralização dos títulos de terra em Moçambique: bases para sua viabilização - Hamela, Hipólito; Macaringue, João; Rose, Ian (USAID, 2021)
No âmbito do processo de Revisão da Política Nacional de Terras e para responder aos consensus alcançados na IX Sessão do Forum de Consulta sobre as Terras (FCT) que incluiam a viabilização da transmissibilidade dos títulos de uso e aproveitamento da terra (DUAT) tornando este processo mais flexível, foi encomendado o presente estudo que tem como objectivo aferir, dentro do actual quadro legal, a viabilidade, sob o ponto de vista de oferta e da procura, da possibilidade de se implementar um programa de empréstimos, oferecendo como garantia, o DUAT. Do estudo resultará um ensaio piloto para testar os pressupostos que o estudo adopta como base, e que vão permitir a colateralização do direito de uso e aproveitamento da terra (DUAT) sem ferir os dispositivos legais vigentes. Também dele resulta a recomendação para a inclusão de elementos de clarificação no regulamento de terras o que tornará explícito que a colateralização do DUAT não é proibida. Para a realização deste trabalho foi feita uma revisão bibliográfica que incluiu os relatórios e declarações finais dos Foruns de Consulta sobre Terras, documentos do governo relativos à matéria de terras e estudos sobre a transmissibilidade dos títulos de uso e aproveitamento da terra. Também foi revista diversa legislação com impacto no uso e aproveitamento da terra com destaque para a Constituição da República, Lei e Regulamento de Terras, Código do Registo Predial e a legislação que cria a Central de Registo de Garantias Mobiliárias.
Keywords: DUAT (Direito do uso e aproveitamento da terra) / Land Use and Benefit Right; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; L - portuguese / português; agriculture / agricultura; governance / governação; land governance / gestão de terra

Moma Titanium Minerals Mine, Mozambique - Mining Technology | Mining News and Views Updated Daily - Mining Technology (Mining-technology, 2021)
Moma, one of the world’s biggest titanium mineral deposits, is located 160km from the city of Nampula in Mozambique, Africa. It is owned and operated by Kenmare Resources. The mine contains the titanium minerals ilmenite, rutile and zircon, which are used as feedstock to produce titanium dioxide pigment. It started production of heavy mineral concentrate (HMC) containing these three minerals in April 2007. It produced 1,201,100t of HMC and shipped approximately 853,100t of finished products in 2020. Kenmare carried out an expansion at the mine ten years ago to fulfil the growing demand for titanium dioxide feedstock in the market. The expansion was aimed to increase the design capacity of the mine by 50% while increasing the mine’s reserve estimate and annual production of HMC. Construction work on the expansion began in December 2010 and the works were completed in December 2013. The expanded mine has a mine life of more than 100 years. The first shipment of concentrated mineral sands was dispatched from Mama in Q2 2019, following the commissioning of the product stream in Q4 2018. The Moma mine had more than 1,420 employees at the end of 2019.
Keywords: *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GP - Nampula; L - english / inglês; extractive industries / indústrias extractivas; natural resources - mining / recursos naturais - mineração; natural resources / recursos naturais

Análise da Proposta do Orçamento do Estado 2021 - Mussagy, Ibraimo H. (Observatório do Meio Rural, 2021)
A actual Proposta do Orçamento do Estado (POE) 2021 é a segunda para o quinquénio 2020-2024 e foi elaborada num contexto de transformações económicas e sociais impostas por um novo “normal” provocado pela pandemia da COVID-19, que resultou na maior recessão mundial estimada em cerca de -4.9% para 2020. Essa recessão foi causada pelas medidas de contenção que resultaram na paralisação da actividade económica em grande parte das economias. Em linha com as actuais tendências da economia mundial, a economia Moçambicana também tem registado uma desaceleração (parágrafo 2 da POE 2021). Este texto tem a finalidade de analisar a POE 2021, tendo em conta este contexto. Para tal, a análise foi feita com base nos seguintes documentos: Plano Económico e Social (PES) 2021, POE 2021, mapas integrantes¹, leis orçamentais anteriores e os Relatórios de Execução Orçamental (REO) recentes. Faz-se a articulação destes documentos para se poder perceber a evolução das componentes da POE 2021. O texto compreende três secções, nomeadamente a introdução, a análise do orçamento, onde, de forma específica, o texto analisa os pressupostos macroeconómicos subjacentes à proposta, a evolução das receitas e das despesas, faz uma discussão sobre o défice orçamental, destaca os orçamentos sectoriais com enfase para agricultura, onde o projecto SUSTENTA prevalece em grande parte da discussão, aborda a questão da descentralização e discute o endividamento público, e, na última secção, apresenta-se o resumo das constatações.
Keywords: *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; L - portuguese / português; agriculture / agricultura; budget / orçamento; decentralization / descentralização; education / educação; health / saúde

An Overview of the Policy and Market Landscape of Tobacco Production and Control in Mozambique - Nguenha, Nicole; Cunguara, Benedito; Bialous, Stella; Drope, Jeffrey; Lencucha, Raphael (International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021)
Background: Tobacco growing has been considered a mainstay of Mozambique’s economy, but there is a dearth of analysis of the tobacco policy landscape in the country. Methods: Review of government and non-government documents and academic papers addressing Mozambique’s tobacco-growing history, the changes in the political economy of tobacco, and health policies addressing tobacco use and prevention of noncommunicable diseases. Results: Despite its tobacco growing and exporting history, the contribution of tobacco to the economy has been in steady decline in the past two decades, including in the areas dedicated to growing. At the same time there has been an increase in multinational control of the tobacco economy. In parallel, Mozambique’s commitment to addressing the growing burden of noncommunicable disease and accession to the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control indicate a potential for internal government tensions to balance immediate economic interests with long term health goals. Conclusions: With the decline in tobacco share of the overall economy, Mozambique may be well-positioned to explore alternative, sustainable livelihoods for farmers that grow tobacco, but it must overcome inter-sectoral barriers and advocate for a whole of government approach to address the health and economic impact of tobacco.
Keywords: G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; L - english / inglês; Northern PEA

Relatório de Pesquisa Desigualdades e Resistência em Tempos de Pandemia: Impactos Da COVID-19 Nas Mulheres do Mercado Informal - Osório, Conceição; Loforte, Ana Maria; Vilanculo, Sérgio (WLSA Moçambique, 2021)
Este relatório de pesquisa buscou especificamente identificar no contexto mundial, regional e nacional as estratégias e as políticas públicas relativamente à situação das raparigas e mulheres, analisar as narrativas e discursos das organizações da sociedade civil e instituições de pesquisa, tanto as que têm como foco os direitos humanos, como as que definem como objecto a promoção da igualdade de género, e analisar o conteúdo dos media nacionais sobre a Covid-19, com destaque para as representações sobre violência de género. Para a realização da pesquisa foi importante a definição do grupo alvo, as mulheres que trabalham no informal, por serem das mais afectadas pela situação criada pela Covid-19, sendo muito pouco conhecidas as suas vozes, os seus problemas, necessidades e expectativas. A pesquisa foi enquadrada no Projecto “Mulheres e direitos humanos no contexto da COVID-19 em Moçambique” e surgiu no âmbito de uma parceria entre a WLSA Moçambique com as Aliadas e o CESC, procurando conhecer melhor como é que, em situação de pandemia, se configuravam os direitos humanos das mulheres, considerando as desigualdades estruturais e as relações desiguais de poder.
Keywords: #Reviews & Framing / Revisões e Organização; *indexed; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; L - portuguese / português; civil society / sociedade civil; gender / género; health - COVID-19 / saúde – COVID-19; health / saúde; informality / informalidade

Navigating Civic Space in a Time of COVID-19: The Case of Mozambique - Pereira, Crescêncio; Forquilha, Salvador; Shankland, Alex (Institute for Social and Economic Studies, 2021)
This report builds on the Action for Empowerment and Accountability (A4EA) research project Navigating Civic Space, which seeks to analyze the extent to which COVID-19 is contributing to the opening or closing of space for civic action in three countries, namely Mozambique, Nigeria and Pakistan. Focusing on Mozambique, the report uses theoretical and methodological tools produced by the work stream and is essentially structured around the three main research questions: What is known about the civic space trend in Mozambique before the arrival of the COVID-19 pandemic?; How are different actors responding to the COVID-19 pandemic affecting the civic space in Mozambique?; What are the medium and long term implications for governance in Mozambique?
Keywords: G - Mozambique / Moçambique; L - english / inglês; civic space / espaço cívico; health - COVID-19 / saúde – COVID-19

African Economic Outlook 2021: From Debt Resolution to Growth: The Road Ahead for Africa - African Development Bank (African Development Bank, 2021)
The 2021 edition of the African Economic Outlook focuses on debt resolution, governance, and growth in Africa. Chapter 1 examines Africa’s growth performance and outlook amid the COVID–19 pandemic. The chapter emphasizes policy options to mitigate the effects of the pandemic in the short, medium, and long terms. Chapter 2 explores the causes and consequences of Africa’s debt dynamics by showing how the changing structure and composition of debt create vulnerabilities. In chapter 3, the report takes stock of the challenges in the current global architecture for debt resolution and explores the link between governance and growth with an emphasis on proposed reforms to improve the processes of debt resolution, governance, and sustainable growth
Keywords: G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; L - english / inglês; Northern PEA; governance / governação; health - COVID-19 / saúde – COVID-19

A COVID-19 e suas implicações na governação municipal em Moçambique: um estudo de caso a partir do município de Gondola - António, Bernardino (Desafios para Moçambique 2021, 2021)
Tomando como exemplo o município de Gondola, na província de Manica, este artigo analisa as implicações da COVID-19 na governação municipal, destacando a interacção entre a edilidade e os munícipes no desenvolvimento do mesmo. O texto defende o argumento segundo o qual, apesar de a COVID-19 ter impactado negativamente nas lógicas do Governo de Gondola, a pandemia, por si só, não constitui factor explicativo para a fraca interacção entre as autoridades e os munícipes, pois os baixos níveis de interacção entre os Vereadores e os cidadãos constitui um problema de carácter estrutural, que caracteriza o Governo não só ao nível das autarquias, mas também a outros níveis de governação em Moçambique. O artigo está organizado em três secções, além da introdução. Na primeira secção, faz se uma breve caracterização do município de Gondola, mostrando o contexto da análise aqui feita. Na segunda secção, aborda-se o papel dos municípios na gestão da COVID-19 em Moçambique. Na terceira secção, descreve-se a COVID-19 e as suas implicações no Governo de Gondola, destacando a questão da interacção entre as autoridades municipais e os munícipes. O artigo resulta de uma pesquisa realizada no município de Gondola em 20206, no âmbito do projecto de pesquisa «Barómetro da Governação Municipal», em curso no Instituto de Estudos Sociais e Económicos (IESE) desde 2017. A pesquisa baseou-se numa metodologia qualitativa, com recurso a entrevistas semiestruturadas, discussões em grupos focais e observação no terreno, realizadas em 10 bairros do município de Gondola, nomeadamente Mazicuera, Mucessua, Josina Machel, Bengo, Nhachoco, Eduardo Mondlane, 3 de Fevereiro, 7 de Abril, Francisco Manyanga e 25 de Junho. Foram realizadas quatro discussões em grupos focais e nove entrevistas semiestruturadas com moradores, membros do Governo Municipal (Presidente e Vereadores), membros da Assembleia Municipal, líderes comunitários, comerciantes locais e organizações da sociedade civil. A pesquisa de campo decorreu ao longo de 15 dias, entre Novembro e Dezembro de 2020
Keywords: *indexed; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; L - portuguese / português; governance / governação; health - COVID-19 / saúde – COVID-19; politics / política

Alargando o espaço para o diálogo de políticas sul-sul: Aprender com as iniciativas lideradas pela sociedade civil - Cabral, Lídia; Levidow, Les; Schmitt, Claudia Job (Desafios para Moçambique 2021, 2021)
O presente documento incide especificamente no diálogo político e na aprendizagem que envolve organizações da sociedade civil, movimentos sociais e investigadores que trabalham na defesa de políticas, campanhas e acção-investigação relacionada com a segurança e a justiça alimentar de forma mais ampla. Ademais, explora que lições podem ser aprendidas com as experiências destes actores que são relevantes para se entender como os conceitos e ideias sobre políticas circulam e como promover intercâmbios com verdadeiros benefícios mútuos para os actores de diferentes contextos socioculturais. O documento começa com uma breve resenha da CSS brasileira e dos desafios encontrados, centrando-se especificamente na cooperação agrícola e alimentar (secção 2), seguida de uma visão geral do actual momento político que se vive no Brasil, destacando rupturas recentes e novas oportunidades (secção 3). Em seguida, esboça a natureza dos compromissos liderados pela sociedade civil e introduz um esquema de análise centrado em “quadros de acção colectiva” e uma pluralidade de formas e significados (secção 4). O documento aborda em seguida dois casos de espaços alternativos de debate sobre políticas e aprendizagem fora da esfera da CSS oficial. O primeiro caso é uma iniciativa de cooperação entre organizações camponesas brasileiras e moçambicanas, com vista a resgatar, preservar e gerir sementes nativas (secção 5). O segundo caso diz respeito à acção-investigação centrada na agro-ecologia e na construção de uma economia solidária no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19 (secção 6). Os casos ilustram que estes espaços alternativos capacitam os actores que, até agora, têm desempenhado um papel marginal nas relações formais da CSS. Estes espaços mobilizam conceitos contrahegemónicos, tais como a agro-ecologia, economia solidária, soberania alimentar e lutas territoriais. Redefinem ainda metodologias de diálogo, aprendizagem e tradução de conceitos para diferentes contextos. Uma discussão das implicações para a investigação e a prática conclui o artigo (secção 7).
Keywords: *indexed; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; L - portuguese / português; economic development / desenvolvimento económico; south-south cooperation / cooperação sul-sul

«Se alguém está cansado de viver» A economia informal e a segurança social - Castel-Branco, Ruth (Desafios para Moçambique 2021, 2021)
A fraca resposta do Estado aos impactos socioecónomicos da pandemia da COVID-19 salientou a necessidade de reformular o sistema da Segurança Social em Moçambique; de evoluir de um paradigma social trabalhista para um paradigma que reconhece a centralidade da economia informal e a responsabilidade redistributiva do Estado, assente num contrato social. Não existe uma única abordagem para a inclusão dos trabalhadores informais na protecção social. A economia informal é extremamente diversificada e estratificada por tipo de atividade, formas de organização e estruturas de rendimento. Portanto, é necessário considerar abordagens diferenciadas que respondem às várias realidades dos trabalhadores informais, incluindo a ausência de um empregador e a irregularidade dos rendimentos. As medidas de Segurança Social Não-Contributiva introduzidas durante a pandemia podem servir com base para um sistema redistributivo mais robusto. Mas no reforço do papel redistributivo do Estado, é importante não absolver os empregadores da sua responsabilidade de reprodução social. Por exemplo, o Regulamento de Trabalho Doméstico estipula que, por motivos do Instituto Nacional de Segurança Social, os trabalhadores domésticos devem ser considerados trabalhadores por conta própria (RdM, 2008). Porém, segundo a Lei de Trabalho (RdM, 2007b), os trabalhadores por conta própria são aqueles que: podem escolher os processos e meios de trabalho, sendo estes da sua propriedade, no todo ou em parte; não estão sujeitos a horários de trabalho, salvo se os mesmos resultarem da lei ou regulamentos; não se integram na estrutura produtiva ou cadeia hierárquica de uma única empresa, nem constituem elemento essencial ao desenvolvimento dos objectivos de qualquer entidade empregadora; e podem fazer-se substituir livremente. Esta inconsistência reflecte o poder negocial da classe empregadora na definição do Regulamento. Apesar de não serem trabalhadores informais, os trabalhadores domésticos são informalizados pela falta de protecções laborais e sociais adequadas e a sua devida aplicação. Portanto, é crítico garantir que medidas orientadas à expansão da Segurança Social – seja a Segurança Social Contributiva ou Não-Contributiva – estejam articuladas com medidas para reforçar os direitos laborais num contexto de fraca fiscalização, informalização e informalidade generalizada.
Keywords: *indexed; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; L - portuguese / português; Social security / segurança social; health - COVID-19 / saúde – COVID-19; informality / informalidade; society / sociedade

Ampliando a protecção social em Moçambique - Chelengo, Márcia C.; Cardoso, José; Mataba, Gito (Policy Brief Crescimento Inclusivo em Moçambique, 2021)
– O PSSB é um programa fundamental para redução da pobreza e da desigualdade em Moçambique. – O aumento do valor das transferências para os agregados familiares beneficiários possui capacidade de reduzir a pobreza e a desigualdade no país. – Outra forma de melhorar estes indicadores é através da expansão do benefício para todas as famílias elegíveis, pois apenas um terço delas são beneficiadas atualmente. – A atualização dos valores das transferências monetárias distribuídas através do PSSB produziu impactos significativos sobre a redução da pobreza e da desigualdade apenas em um dos cenários, onde o aumento médio do benefício é aproximadamente 70% (cenário 2).
Keywords: *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; L - portuguese / português; government policy / politica governamental; social protection / proteção social

Formalizing artisanal and small-scale mining in Mozambique: Concerns, priorities and challenges - Hilson, Gavin; Mondlane, Salvador; Hilson, Abigail; Arnall, Alex; Laing, Tim (Resources Policy, 2021)
This paper reflects critically on efforts made to formalize artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) – low-tech, labour-intensive mineral extraction and processing – in Mozambique. Drawing on findings from interviews with policymakers, representatives from ASM associations and 200 individual miners, the paper captures the details of the country’s ASM formalization experience. Findings reveal that despite showing considerable promise at first, the drive to formalize ASM in Mozambique, which spans three decades, has lost considerable momentum. A bureaucratic licensing scheme, overlapping responsibilities at the Estatuto Orgaˆnico do Minist´erio dos Recursos Minerais e Energia (MIREME), and a shortage of information about miners have contributed to this slowdown. The themes underpinning the efforts to formalize ASM in Mozambique are not new but the case itself has its own unique nuances and storylines.
Keywords: *indexed; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; L - english / inglês; Northern PEA

Anuário Estatístico - Statistical Yearbook 2020 - Moçambique - Instituto Nacional de Estatística - INE (Instituto Nacional de Estatística (INE), 2021)
As in previous editions, the Statistical Yearbook 2020 contains information that makes it possible to draw a synthetic profile of Mozambique ́s socioeconomic reality in its multiple domains. It is part of the series of publications that the National Institute of Statistics (INE), in its mission to provide Mozambican society with statistical information that allows the knowledge of the reality of the country, makes available to users and the general public as a vehicle for the dissemination of the main economic, social and demographic data od Mozambique, in the 2016-2020 series The data presented in this publication are the result of the contribution of the entities of the National Statistical system (SEN) and other entities (singular and collective) that responded to the request of the INE, making possible the preparation of this publication. INE presents its thanks to all entities that contributed with data for the production of this publication and, likewise, welcomes all the collaborators, who directly or indirectly participated in the production of this work. Thanks are extended to all suggestions and criticisms of its content, which will allow us to improve future editions. Finally, INE invites the users to visit the portal for official statistics, www.ine.gov.mz, as well as the Statistical documentation Centers both in the central office and provincial delegations to enjoy the available statistical collection which is free of charge.
Keywords: *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; L - portuguese / português; Northern PEA; demographics / demografia

Mozambique - Emergency Tracking Tool - Palma Crisis Report - 50 (27 March - 10 April 2021) - IOM - International Organisation for Migration (IOM, 2021)
Following the recent attacks in Palma Sede, DTM teams in Nangade, Mueda, Montpuez, and Pemba districts continue to register significant rise in IDP arrivals since 27 March. On 10 April 2021, an estimated number of 603 were registered in the four districts bringing the total number of IDPs to 15,179 People who have been displaced from Palma continue to arrive in Nangade on foot and by bus from Nangade to Mueda, Montepuez, and Pemba.
Keywords: G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GD - Palma; GP - Cabo Delgado; L - english / inglês; conflict - violent extremism / conflito - extremismo violento; conflict / conflito

Desafios para Moçambique - 2021 - Macuane, José Jaime; Siúta, Moisés (Instituto de Estudos Sociais e Económicos, 2021)
PARTE I – POLÍTICA Navegando o espaço cívico em contexto da pandemia da Covid-19: O caso de Moçambique / Crescêncio Pereira, Salvador Forquilha e Alex Shankland A Covid-19 e as vacinas em Moçambique: Algumas notas para reflexão a partir da teoria “sociedade de risco” / Lúcio Posse A Covid-19 e suas implicações na governação municipal em Moçambique: Um estudo de caso a partir do município de Gondola / Bernardino António PARTE II – ECONOMIA Política económica em contexto de pandemia: Uma reflexão em torno das medidas de mitigação dos efeitos da Covid-19 sobre a economia de Moçambique / Carlos Muianga e Yasfir Ibraimo A recessão económica em Moçambique: Foi a Covid-19? – Um olhar a partir do sector externo / Michael Sambo Essencial para quê? Uma visão global de reprodução social sobre a reorganização do trabalho durante a pandemia da Covid-19 / Sara Stevano, Rosimina Ali e Merle Jamieson PARTE III – SOCIEDADE “Se alguém está cansado de viver”: A economia informal, o estado e a segurança social / Ruth Castel-Branco Acção social em contexto da Covid-19: Respostas e desafios em Moçambique / Moisés Siúta e Félix Matusse Lições da Covid-19 sobre o papel da poupança doméstica: O que dizer de Moçambique? / Moisés Siúta PARTE IV – MOÇAMBIQUE NO MUNDO Globalização económica e desafios de desenvolvimento humano em contexto de crise em Moçambique / Salim Cripton Valá Alargamento de espaço para o diálogo de políticas Sul-Sul: Aprender com as iniciativas lideradas pela sociedade civil / Lídia Cabral, Les Levidow e Claudia Job Schmitt
Keywords: *indexed; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; L - portuguese / português; economic development / desenvolvimento económico; politics / política; society / sociedade

Inquérito Agrário Integrado 2020 - MADER (República de Moçambique - Ministério da Agricultura e Desenvolvimento Rural Direcção de Planificação e Políticas (DPP), 2021)
O crescimento agrícola em Moçambique é uma fonte essencial para promover o crescimento económico do País em geral e das famílias rurais em particular. O Programa do Governo para o Sector Agrário, em harmonia com a política económica do País, orienta-se para o alcance de grandes objectivos estratégicos, nomeadamente: (1) Segurança Alimentar; (2) Aumento do Rendimento Familiar; (3) Criação de Emprego/Inclusão Social e (4) Aumento da Produção e Produtividade. Este documento ilustra, de forma simples e clara, a situação e a dinâmica da agricultura em Moçambique durante o ano de 2020. O Inquérito Agrário Integrado (IAI 2020), indica que existem no país cerca de 4.3 milhões de explorações agro-pecuárias, das quais 4.167.702 (97.8%) são pequenas, 93.183 (2%) são médias, e 873 (<1%) são grandes explorações. Do total de cerca de 4.3 milhões de explorações (Pequenas e Médias), cerca de 6.9% receberam informação ou conselho técnico de extensão, 39.9% tiveram acesso à informação sobre preços e 0.6% acesso à crédito. A área cultivada foi de cerca de 5.5 milhões de hectares, onde 5.5% das explorações utilizaram pesticidas nos seus campos, 8.8% usaram estrume, 7.8% utilizaram fertilizantes químicos e 9.1% usou a rega. As principais culturas em diversas explorações são o Milho, Arroz, Mapira, Amendoim Pequeno, Feijão Nhemba, Feijão Boer, Mandioca, Algodão e Canade-açúcar. Grande parte das explorações cultivam Milho (83.8%), 23.6% Amendoim Pequeno, 18.3% Mapira, 12 .8% Arroz e 3.8% Mexoeira. O IAI 2020, realizado pela primeira vez com referencial distrital, é um Marco Estatístico e principal fonte de dados do sector agro-pecuário, assim como marco amostral, pois fornece dados fiáveis desagregados até ao nível Distrital, para apoiar o processo de planificação e tomada de decisão a todos níveis, baseadas em evidências científicas.
Keywords: *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; L - portuguese / português; Northern PEA; agriculture / agricultura; demographics / demografia

Health sector analysis: political economy of decentralised health service provision - MAP Consult; Konung International (POTENCIAR, 2021)
This report offers POTENCIAR and the British High Commission (BHC) an analysis of how power arrangements influence the main social, political, and economic factors in service provision and decentralised governance in Mozambique. The results of the study will be used to refine POTENCIAR’s strategy and approach, as well as the design of PAIs in the health sector. While PAIs address issues across multiple sectors, sector analysis will also consider potential entry points for, as well as barriers to, the improvement of intersectoral coordination and strengthening of citizen participation. Through an analysis of the political economy of the health sector, this report will examine the formal and informal power structures and institutions that influence service provision and the decentralised governance of the health sector. Methodologically, the study is based on a bibliographic and documentary review of governance, decentralisation, and accountability across Mozambique, and the health sector in particular. These data are complemented by interviews with key informants who have knowledge of or actively participate in the health sector. The study is based on the northern province of Nampula, which POTENCIAR has identified for the implementation of its first pro-accountability initiative in the health sector.
Keywords: *non-public; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; GP - Nampula; Health PEA; L - english / inglês; access to services / acesso a serviços; accountability / responsabilização; health - health services / serviços de saúde; health / saúde

Política económica em contexto de pandemia: uma reflexão em trono das medidas de mitigação dos efeitos da COVID-19 sobre a economia de Moçambique - Muianga, Carlos; Ibraimo, Yasfir (Desafios para Moçambique 2021, 2021)
Este artigo pretende reflectir sobre as medidas para mitigação dos efeitos da COVID-19 na economia de Moçambique e as suas implicações analíticas. Diferentemente de estudos anteriores sobre os impactos da pandemia e das medidas de mitigação adoptadas pelo Governo de Moçambique (Mapisse et al., 2021), este artigo parte da análise da estrutura da economia e do seu padrão de acumulação nas últimas duas décadas, na tentativa de melhor questionar a eficácia destas medidas. O artigo argumenta que, à semelhança das crises cíclicas pelas quais a economia de Moçambique passou nas últimas décadas (Castel-Branco and Ossemane, 2010; Castel-Branco, 2017), a crise provocada pela COVID-19 expõe e exacerba as fragilidades e vulnerabilidades do padrão de crescimento e a sua limitada capacidade em resolver questões centrais de transformação social e económica. Dadas as fragilidades e vulnerabilidades associadas ao padrão de crescimento económico e ao «modelo» de política económica, as medidas de mitigação dos efeitos da pandemia sobre a economia são limitadas relativamente à complexidade dos impactos socioeconómicos da COVID-19. Mais do que a sua limitada capacidade para relançar a actividade produtiva, dada a estrutura da economia, as mesmas são insuficientes para lidar com os impactos mais severos da pandemia, sobretudo para os grupos sociais mais vulneráveis. Entretanto, a COVID-19 tem chamado a atenção à necessidade de acção política e mudança «radical» na prossecução da política económica, incluindo o papel do Estado na economia (Stevano et al., 2021). Contudo, as principais medidas de política económica até então adoptadas continuam a seguir um «modelo» que, há décadas, se tem mostrado ineficaz em resolver, a médio e longo prazo, as questões de transformação económica e social do País. Este artigo está organizado em quatro secções, incluindo a introdução. A segunda faz uma breve descrição e análise da estrutura da economia e do padrão de crescimento económico em Moçambique, nas últimas duas décadas. O objectivo desta secção é fornecer uma base analítica que ajude a interrogar as medidas de mitigação dos efeitos da COVID-19 sobre a economia, enquanto, ao mesmo tempo, ajuda a explicar o tipo de economia que a pandemia encontrou, as suas características fundamentais e o seu funcionamento. A terceira secção descreve as principais medidas adoptadas pelo BM e pelo Governo para mitigar os efeitos da COVID-19, questionando-as em função da estrutura da economia e do quadro de implementação de política monetária e fiscal e as suas contradições e tensões. A quarta secção conclui e avança algumas questões para reflexão.
Keywords: *indexed; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; L - portuguese / português; economic development / desenvolvimento económico; government policy / politica governamental; health - COVID-19 / saúde – COVID-19

Innovative Finance for Employment: The Potential for Women and Urban Youth - MUVA; Social Finance Ltd (MUVA and Social Finance Ltd, 2021)
The need for female economic empowerment in Mozambique is clear; just 24% of women have access to wage employment, versus 50% of men. The situation is worse still in urban settings where 19-24-year-old women have the highest unemployment rates in the country. The national rate of formal employment is approximately 13%, and large scale formal job creation in the Oil and Gas sector is yet to materialise. Despite impressive economic growth in recent years, 50% of Mozambicans are still living in poverty and social and economic inequalities are continuing to grow. The challenges faced by disadvantaged urban youth and women (DUYW) are severe; without deliberate intervention to address the constraints facing them, this trend is set to worsen. In light of this challenge, MUVA commissioned a scoping study to assess the potential of innovative financing models to support the economic empowerment of disadvantaged urban youth and women. Innovative finance is a broad spectrum of mechanisms that offer an alternative to traditional activity based grant funding. It can include investment capital seeking a return, but also encompasses results based financing and broader risk mitigation mechanisms. If done correctly, innovative finance can support good interventions to better tackle entrenched social issues, by sharpening incentives, creating accountability for results, addressing specific barriers in the system, shifting where risk is held and fostering adaptive management. The study identified four innovative financing models that have the potential to enable disadvantaged urban youth and women in Mozambique to access economic opportunities. Some focus more on the supply side, working primarily with DUYW to improve their skills, employability and facilitate entry into the workforce. Others focus on the demand side, working with enterprises to enable them to scale, improve gender practices and encourage them to employ DUYW. Two of the shortlisted models sit across both demand and supply.
Keywords: G - Mozambique / Moçambique; L - english / inglês; employment / emprego; empowerment / empoderamento; gender / género; private sector / setor privado; urbanization / urbanização; youth / juventude

Navengando o espaço cívico em contexto da pandemia da COVID-19: o caso de Moçambique - Pereira, Crescêncio; Forquilha, Salvador; Shankland, Alex (Desafios para Moçambique 2021, 2021)
Este artigo circunscreve-se no âmbito do projecto de pesquisa Navigating Civic Space in a Time of Covid-19 (Navegando o Espaço Cívico em Tempo da Covid-19), que procurou analisar em que medida o coronavírus estava a contribuir para a abertura ou o fechamento do espaço para a acção cívica em três países, nomeadamente Moçambique, Nigéria e Paquistão. Com enfoque em Moçambique, este artigo serve-se de ferramentas teóricometodológicas produzidas pela equipa de pesquisa dos três países acima mencionados e estrutura-se essencialmente em torno das três principais questões da pesquisa: · O que se sabe sobre a tendência do espaço cívico em Moçambique antes da chegada da pandemia da COVID-19? · Como é que diferentes actores estão a responder à pandemia da COVID-19 e de que maneira estas respostas vêm a afectar o espaço cívico em Moçambique? · Quais são as implicações de médio e longo prazo para a governação em Moçambique? O material usado para a elaboração do artigo foi produzido com base numa abordagem metodológica que combina quatro componentes, nomeadamente a) avaliação de base sobre a natureza do espaço cívico em Moçambique antes da pandemia da COVID-19; b) painel virtual de observação, constituído por especialistas moçambicanos da sociedade civil, com reuniões mensais; c) análise de meios de comunicação social com recurso a catálogos de eventos; d) entrevistas com uma selecção de informantes-chave para complementar a informação produzida pelas outras componentes. Neste contexto, foi elaborado um relatório de avaliação de base (Pereira, C. & Forquilha, 2020) e foram realizadas seis sessões de painéis virtuais de observação. Com temas previamente acordados, as sessões mensais tinham a duração de duas horas e os assuntos nelas discutidos eram gravados, registados e transformados em relatórios mensais que, posteriormente, eram discutidos em encontros mensais internacionais, envolvendo equipas de pesquisa do IDS, IESE e os parceiros de pesquisa da Nigéria e do Paquistão.
Keywords: *indexed; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; L - portuguese / português; civic space / espaço cívico; health - COVID-19 / saúde – COVID-19; politics / política

A COVID-19 e as vacinas em Moçambique: algumas notas para reflexão a partir da teoria <sociedade de risco> - Posse, Lúcio (Desafios para Moçambique 2021, 2021)
No presente texto, procuro, por meio da teoria «Sociedade de Risco», elaborada por Ulrich Beck (2011 [1986]), reflectir sobre como os «moçambicanos» elaboram os seus significados e sentidos de risco em relação à COVID-19 e à vacina, e como estes têm estado a desenvolver os seus comportamentos na resposta à pandemia e à vacina. Em termos pragmáticos, procuro chamar a atenção para a necessidade da compreensão dos riscos, como forma de tentar fazer com que as respostas, não só à COVID-19, mas também a outros fenómenos, não fiquem reféns das percepções dos riscos, ao ponto de as comprometer – no sentido de ignorar ou exagerar –, porque, como refere (Beck, 2002:4), «o maior perigo não é o risco [em si], mas a percepção [que as sociedades podem desenvolver] do risco [ao ponto dos seus comportamentos se tornarem num obstáculo para a resolução dos problemas]». Com este texto, mostro que a percepção – à semelhança de outros contextos – que a sociedade moçambicana tem da COVID-19 e da vacina são produto da «racionalidade social do risco», na medida em que os seus sentidos e significados são determinados por questões socioeconómicas, culturais (particularmente os hábitos alimentares), raciais, climáticas, políticas e por experiências: (i) da colonização no uso da medicina para dominar e fazer experimentos clínicos nos africanos, e (ii) da falta de tratamento e da incapacidade dos sistemas de saúde darem resposta ao vírus e aos efeitos colaterais das vacinas, que por vezes causam a morte. Ademais, estas percepções têm estado a estruturar o comportamento dos moçambicanos, primeiro, no que se refere à doença, ao manifestarem, de um lado, a indiferença e/ou despreocupação por considerarem que a doença é dos «outros» e, do outro, pela tomada de medidas de prevenção, num claro sinal de pânico e; segundo, quanto à vacina ao manifestarem, de um lado, a desconfiança em relação à origem, segurança e objectivos da vacina e, do outro, ao receberem a vacina por acreditarem que, em termos de riscos/ benefícios, há muito mais benefícios em receber a vacina.
Keywords: *indexed; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; L - portuguese / português; health - COVID-19 / saúde – COVID-19; politics / política

A recessão económica em Moçambique: foi a COVID-19? Um olhar a partir do sector externo - Sambo, Michael Godet (Desafios para Moçambique 2021, 2021)
Este artigo argumenta que a crise económica em Moçambique não resulta da eclosão da pandemia em si, e dos seus efeitos directos na economia moçambicana, mas sim, que a pandemia exacerbou uma crise pré-existente. O artigo resulta de análise bibliográfica e documental, com ênfase para a análise de dados estatísticos de múltiplas fontes internacionais e nacionais, destacando as fontes oficiais, e analisa as dinâmicas económicas no contexto da COVID-19, com enfoque nas relações económicas de Moçambique com o resto do Mundo desde antes da eclosão da pandemia até aos princípios de 2021. Além da introdução, este artigo é desenvolvido em duas secções seguidas da conclusão. A primeira secção analisa as dinâmicas das políticas públicas no contexto da dependência externa, e a segunda investiga as dinâmicas da economia de Moçambique em relação ao resto do mundo, analisando os antecedentes e as variações no âmbito da COVID-19, com vista a aferir a sua relação; segue-se finalmente uma conclusão e implicações da análise.
Keywords: *indexed; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; L - portuguese / português; economic development / desenvolvimento económico; health - COVID-19 / saúde – COVID-19

Lições da COVID-19 sobre o papel da poupança doméstica: O que dizer de Moçambique? - Siúta, Moisés (Desafios para Moçambique 2021, 2021)
O presente artigo procura discutir lições que se podem tirar em relação ao papel da poupança para Moçambique, no âmbito da pandemia da COVID-19. O artigo inspira-se na pesquisa sobre poupança, pobreza e protecção social desenvolvida pelo Instituto de Estudos Sociais e Económicos (IESE), que estabelece a ligação entre poupança e protecção social, tendo em vista estudar mecanismos que permitam desenvolver um sistema de protecção social financeiramente viável em Moçambique (Siúta, 2019b). O objectivo deste artigo é estabelecer a ligação entre a poupança e a COVID-19, discutindo o seu papel no âmbito da resposta à pandemia. A metodologia usada, além da revisão de literatura, inclui a exploração de dados sobre a evolução da pandemia em diversos países, fornecidos pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS/WHO (World Health Organization)), cuja base de dados foi preparada e disponibilizada publicamente por Ritchie et al. (2020). Para completar a análise através da exploração de dados sobre a economia dos países, analisando, principalmente, a evolução da poupança doméstica e do produto dos países, recorreu-se à base de dados dos indicadores de desenvolvimento dos países, disponibilizada pelo Banco Mundial (World Bank, 2021). O artigo, incluindo a presente introdução, subdivide-se em quatro secções. Nas secções a seguir, na primeira, discute-se a relevância da poupança doméstica, no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19, com base numa abordagem teórica da poupança; a segunda secção, baseada em dados sobre a poupança doméstica e a capacidade de testagem e vacinação contra a COVID-19, procura discutir a relevância da poupança doméstica nos países ao redor do Mundo, incluindo o caso de Moçambique. Na última secção, apresenta-se uma breve discussão sobre o contexto moçambicano e a relevância da poupança doméstica.
Keywords: *indexed; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; L - portuguese / português; health - COVID-19 / saúde – COVID-19; poverty / pobreza; social protection / proteção social; society / sociedade

Acção Social em contexto de COVID-19: Respostas e desafios em Moçambique - Siúta, Moisés; Félix, Matusse (Desafios para Moçambique, 2021, 2021)
O presente artigo tem como objectivo partilhar as medidas de resposta em contexto da COVID-19 implementadas pelo INAS, no âmbito dos programas do Governo para assistência social, tendo em conta que a eclosão da pandemia constituiu mais um factor a colocar o subsistema nacional da Segurança Social Básica (SSB) sob pressão, a fim de dar resposta a um grupo cada vez mais crescente de cidadãos moçambicanos em situação de extrema pobreza e de vulnerabilidade. O artigo está divido em cinco secções, incluindo esta introdução. São abordados os seguintes assuntos: segunda secção, a dimensão da COVID-19 e a relevância da assistência social; terceira, resposta à pandemia no âmbito dos programas do INAS; quarta, os principais desafios da acção social na resposta à pandemia; e a quinta secção apresenta considerações finais e possíveis lições
Keywords: *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; L - portuguese / português; government policy / politica governamental; health - COVID-19 / saúde – COVID-19; social action / ação social; social protection / proteção social

Essencial para quê? Uma visão global de reprodução social sobre a reorganização do trabalho durante a pandemia da COVID-19 - Stevano, Sara; Ali, Rosimina; Jamieson, Merle (Desafios para Moçambique 2021, 2021)
O presente artigo pretende investigar a noção de trabalho essencial através de uma lente feminista global centrada na reprodução social. Abordam-se duas questões principais: primeiro, o que é trabalho essencial e como é que esta terminologia tem sido utilizada em diferentes países do Sul e do Norte Global. Através de uma revisão da literatura, decretos, documentos orientadores e artigos de jornal, procedemos ao mapeamento dos significados de trabalho essencial em todo o Mundo, utilizando como exemplos África do Sul, Brasil, Canadá, Inglaterra, Índia, Itália e Moçambique. Em segundo lugar, tomando como ponto de partida a afirmação feita pelos teóricos da reprodução social de que o reconhecimento de formas de trabalho desvalorizadas como essenciais constitui uma via para revalorizar o trabalho socialmente reprodutivo (Bhattacharya, 2020; Stevano et al., 2021), perguntamos se este potencial foi explorado até agora e, caso contrário, que limitações, omissões e contradições o estão a impedir. A perspectiva global é complementada por um «foco» sobre Moçambique como um país de baixa renda, localizado no Sul Global, ocupando uma posição periférica nas economias globais e regionais e com uma grande percentagem de trabalhadores vulneráveis e essenciais. As ilustrações de Moçambique baseiam-se na investigação preliminar sobre o trabalho nas agro-indústrias, realizado pelas autoras antes da pandemia, em combinação com a revisão de artigos de jornal, documentos orientadores, observações e evidência primária seleccionada durante a pandemia
Keywords: *indexed; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; L - portuguese / português; employment / emprego; health - COVID-19 / saúde – COVID-19; social reproduction / reprodução social

UNHCR Mozambique IDP Response External Update 2-15 April.pdf - UNHCR (UNHCR - The UN Refugee Agency, 2021)
As of 15 April, over 20,0001 people from Palma are forcibly displaced, in the aftermath of Non-State Armed Group (NSAG) attacks on 24 March. They fled to the districts of Nangade, Mueda, Montepuez and Pemba by land, foot, air and sea. This is in addition to the nearly 700,000 already displaced in the provinces of Cabo Delgado, Nampula, Niassa, Sofala and Zambezia as a result of violence and insecurity in Cabo Delgado. UNHCR received reports that several families from Palma attempted to seek asylum in Tanzania due to the proximity to the border and were forcibly returned to Mozambique.
Keywords: G - Mozambique / Moçambique; G - north / norte; GP - Cabo Delgado; L - english / inglês; accountability / responsabilização; conflict - violent extremism / conflito - extremismo violento; conflict / conflito; displaced communities / comunidades deslocadas

Informe Orçamental da Acção Social - Moçambique 2021 - UNICEF (UNICEF and International Labour Organization (ILO), 2021)
O orçamento para a protecção social de 2021 equivale a 10.1 mil milhões de MT Embora as dotações para a protecção social como parte do PIB tenham triplicado na última década – demonstrando um grande empenho político em relação ao sector – o Governo de Moçambique (GdM) precisa aumentar ainda mais o espaço fiscal destinado a programas básicos (não contributivos) de Protecção Social com vista a atingir os seus objectivos estratégicos. O Programa Subsídio Social Básico (PSSB) continua a ser o programa com o maior orçamento, seguido pelo Programa Acção Social Produtiva (PASP) e Programa Apoio Social Directo (PASD), respectivamente. Os programas de protecção social do INAS destinam-se a 1.772. 708 agregados familiares beneficiários no no âmbito do Plano Económico e Social de 2021 O orçamento do PSSB de 2021 revela uma melhoria significativa em termos de equidade na afectação, comparativamente aos anos anteriores, embora a Zambézia ainda esteja subfinanciada relativamente a outras províncias
Keywords: *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; L - portuguese / português; budget / orçamento; social action / ação social; social protection / proteção social

Social Action Budget Brief - Mozambique 2021 - UNICEF and ILO (UNICEF and International Labour Organization (ILO), 2021)
Highlights The 2021 budget for social protection is worth MZN 10.1 billion. This represents a 50 percent nominal increase relative to the 2020 initial allocation (i.e. the first allocation approved by Parliament in 2020) before the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, it represents a 2 percent nominal decrease relative to revised allocation (i.e. the allocation that was revised by Parliament in November 2020 in response to COVID-19), a 4 percent nominal decrease relative to updated allocation (i.e. funds that arrive at the disposal of social protection institutions), and a 26 percent nominal increase relative to the actual expenditure in 2020 (i.e. funds that were spent at the end of budget year) (see Glossary of budget terminology). It is important to highlight that 2020 revised allocation to the sector was exceptionally high as a result of financial support provided by international finance institutions and development partners to implement the sector’s response plan to COVID-19. While part of these funds appeared in the 2020 budget revision, they are de facto being executed in 2021 (i.e. when the actual transfers to beneficiaries of the Direct Social Support Programme - Post Emergency (PASD-PE) are taking place).
Keywords: *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; L - english / inglês; Social Protection PEA; budget / orçamento; social action / ação social; social protection / proteção social

Globalização económica e desafios do desenvolvimento humano em contexto de crise em Moçambique - Valá, Salim Cripton (Desafios para Moçambique 2021, 2021)
Este capítulo analisa a relação entre a globalização económica e os desafios de desenvolvimento humano em Moçambique, em contexto de crise, advogando que a não exploração das oportunidades da globalização coloca acrescidos obstáculos ao sucesso na implementação das estratégias de desenvolvimento económico e social nacionais. Entre as questões abordadas, destacam-se as seguintes: é adequado, num ambiente de crise, manter o foco na globalização económica?; que opções de caminhos para promover crescimento inclusivo e gerar mais empregos?; o desenvolvimento humano no País está comprometido devido à crise económica e ao advento da COVID-19? e; como gerar riqueza para assim reduzir a pobreza e promover desenvolvimento sustentável?
Keywords: *indexed; *tagged; G - Mozambique / Moçambique; L - portuguese / português; economic development / desenvolvimento económico; poverty / pobreza

Beyond state capacity: bureaucratic performance, policy implementation and reform - Williams, Martin J. (Journal of Institutional Economics, 2021)
There is a broad consensus that state capacity is central to economic and institutional development. But while the concept originated as a tool for macro-historical and comparative analysis, its success has led the term ‘capacity’ to become a default metaphor for discussing the quality of government bureaucracies. This paper discusses the limitations to conceiving of narrower questions of bureaucratic performance and policy implementation through the lens of the broad, aggregate concept of capacity. Whereas capacity refers to bureaucracies’ hypothetical potential, this usually differs from their actual actions due to internal information and incentive problems created by bureaucracies’ collective nature, and the constraints and uncertainty imposed by their multiple political principals. Capacity is a convenient shorthand term and is appropriate for some purposes, but it achieves this convenience by abstracting away from the mechanisms that determine bureaucratic performance and policy implementation. To advance the study of bureaucratic quality, researchers should seek to understand the implications of bureaucracies’ collective nature, engage with contextual specificity and contingency in policy implementation, and focus measurement and reform efforts more towards actual performance than hypothetical capacity.
Keywords: #Reviews & Framing / Revisões e Organização; *indexed; L - english / inglês; access to services / acesso a serviços